HIV prevalence among injecting drug users in England and Wales 1990 to 2003: evidence for increased transmission in recent years
HIV prevalence among injecting drug users in England and Wales 1990 to 2003: evidence for increased transmission in recent years
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DOI：
10.1097/01.aids.0000176222.71355.a1
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发表时间：
2005-07-22
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Gill, ON
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hope, VD;Judd, A;Gill, ON
目的：描述1990年至2003年英格兰和威尔士注射吸毒者中HIV流行趋势。方法：分析从两个药物管理机构招募的注射吸毒者的自愿无关联匿名横断面调查收集的口腔液样本和行为信息的监测数据（n = 24 304）和社区环境结果：英格兰和威尔士的艾滋病毒流行率从1990年的5.9%下降到1996年的0.6%，然后保持稳定，直到1999年，2003年上升到1.4%。1994年至1999年期间，在短期注射者中很少发现艾滋病毒感染，但近年来这一群体的流行率有所上升。其他与艾滋病毒感染几率更高相关的因素是在伦敦和社区环境中招募，以及曾经接受过自愿保密的艾滋病毒检测。1998 - 2003年期间，通过感染力模型估计，在伦敦注射不到一年的人群中，每年的发病率为2.8%。结论：这些数据表明，艾滋病毒的发病率和流行率可能有所增加，而其他指标表明，风险行为增加。至关重要的是，必须重振减少危害措施，并根据吸毒风险行为和政策的变化而不断发展。(c)2005年利平科特威廉姆斯&威尔金斯。
Objective: To describe trends in HIV prevalence among injecting drug users in England and Wales between 1990 and 2003.Methods: Analysis of surveillance data from voluntary unlinked anonymous cross-sectional surveys collecting oral fluid samples and behavioural information from injecting drug users recruited from both drug agency (n = 24 304) and community settings (n = 3628).Results: HIV prevalence in England and Wales declined from 5.9% in 1990 to 0.6% in 1996 and then remained stable until 1999, after which it increased to 1.4% in 2003. Few HIV infections were detected among short-term injectors between 1994 and 1999, but in recent years prevalence among this group has increased. Other factors associated with higher odds of HIV infection were being recruited in London and from community settings, and ever having had a voluntary confidential HIV test. Incidence estimated through a force of infection model was 2.8% per annum among those injecting for less than a year in London between 1998 and 2003.Conclusions: These data suggest that incidence and prevalence of HIV may have increased, whereas other indicators suggest an increase in risk behaviour. It is critical that harm reduction measures are reinvigorated, and evolve in response to changes in drug use risk behaviours and policy. (c) 2005 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.