Change and stability in work-family conflict and mothers' and fathers' mental health: Longitudinal evidence from an Australian cohort
Change and stability in work-family conflict and mothers' and fathers' mental health: Longitudinal evidence from an Australian cohort
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.02.036
复制
发表时间：
2016-04-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Nicholson, J. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cooklin, A. R.;Dinh, H.;Nicholson, J. M.
工作家庭冲突(WFC)是指工作或家庭需求“相互矛盾”，对心理健康造成不利影响。这项研究有助于稀疏的纵向研究，解决以下问题：对于父母来说，WFC是稳定的还是短暂的家庭生活特征？如果WFC增加、减少或持续，心理健康会发生什么？哪些工作和家庭特征预示着WFC的转变，它们在多大程度上是性别上的？对参加澳大利亚儿童纵向研究的母亲(n=2693)和父亲(n=3460)的5波数据(4-5岁至12-13岁的儿童)进行了二次分析。WFC的过渡，跨越四个两年的间隔(波1-2、2-3、3-4和4-5)被分类为从不、应征、退出或慢性。有相当大比例的父母经历了WFC的变化，每种类型的母亲和父亲的比例在12%到16%之间。保持慢性WFC的父母报告的精神健康状况最差(调整后的多元回归分析)，其次是应征加入WFC的父母。当WFC被解除(退出)时，母亲和父亲的心理健康都有了显著的改善。母亲和父亲对应征入伍和慢性WFC的预测有所不同(调整后的Logit回归)。糟糕的工作质量、熟练的职业和有更多的孩子将长期父亲与那些退出WFC的父亲区分开来。对于母亲来说，只有工作因素(熟练职业、工作时间、工作不安全感)才能预测慢性WFC。调查结果反映了工作场所塑造的坚持不懈、性别分明的工作和护理性质，但也为父母提供了量身定做的机会来纠正WFC。我们提供了新的证据，表明WFC界面直接影响精神健康，无论是积极的还是消极的，强调WFC是健康的关键社会决定因素。(C)爱思唯尔有限公司出版的2016年。
Work family conflict (WFC) occurs when work or family demands are 'mutually incompatible', with detrimental effects on mental health. This study contributes to the sparse longitudinal research, addressing the following questions: Is WFC a stable or transient feature of family life for mothers and fathers? What happens to mental health if WFC increases, reduces or persists? What work and family characteristics predict WFC transitions and to what extent are they gendered? Secondary analyses of 5 waves of data (child ages 4-5 to 12-13 years) from employed mothers (n = 2693) and fathers (n = 3460) participating in the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children were conducted. WFC transitions, across four two-year intervals (Waves 1-2, 2-3, 3-4, and 4-5) were classified as never, conscript, exit or chronic. Significant proportions of parents experienced change in WFC, between 12 and 16% of mothers and fathers for each transition 'type'. Parents who remained in chronic WFC reported the poorest mental health (adjusted multiple regression analyses), followed by those who conscripted into WFC. When WFC was relieved (exit), both mothers' and fathers' mental health improved significantly. Predictors of conscript and chronic WFC were somewhat distinct for mothers and fathers (adjusted logit regressions). Poor job quality, a skilled occupation and having more children differentiated chronic fathers' from those who exited WFC. For mothers, work factors only (skilled occupation; work hours; job insecurity) predicted chronic WFC. Findings reflect the persistent, gendered nature of work and care shaped by workplaces, but also offer tailored opportunities to redress WFC for mothers and fathers. We contribute novel evidence that mental health is directly influenced by the WFC interface, both positively and negatively, highlighting WFC as a key social determinant of health. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd.