Quality of Dietary Fat Intake and Body Weight and Obesity in a Mediterranean Population: Secondary Analyses within the PREDIMED Trial
Quality of Dietary Fat Intake and Body Weight and Obesity in a Mediterranean Population: Secondary Analyses within the PREDIMED Trial
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DOI：
10.3390/nu10122011
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发表时间：
2018-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Gea, Alfredo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beulen, Yvette;Martinez-Gonzalez, Miguel A.;Gea, Alfredo
适度高脂肪的地中海饮食不会促进体重增加。本研究旨在调查特定类型脂肪的饮食摄入与肥胖和体重之间的关系。使用PREDIMED试验中6942名参与者的数据进行了一项前瞻性队列研究，每年重复验证食物频率问卷和人体测量结果（中位数随访：4.8年）。使用广义估计方程替代模型估计了将膳食脂肪亚型彼此、蛋白质或碳水化合物替换的影响。用单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）或多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）替代5%的饱和脂肪酸（SFA）能量，导致体重变化分别为-0.38 kg（95%置信区间（CI）：-0.69，-0.07）和-0.51 kg（95% CI：-0.81，-0.20）。用多不饱和脂肪酸或多不饱和脂肪酸代替蛋白质降低了肥胖的几率。据估计，每天用白色肉、油性鱼或白色鱼替代一部分红肉，体重变化高达-0.87公斤。以SFA、蛋白质和碳水化合物为代价增加不饱和脂肪酸的摄入量对体重和肥胖有有益的影响。因此，鼓励高质量的脂肪饮食，如地中海饮食，而不是限制总脂肪摄入量，可能是可取的。
A moderately high-fat Mediterranean diet does not promote weight gain. This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary intake of specific types of fat and obesity and body weight. A prospective cohort study was performed using data of 6942 participants in the PREDIMED trial, with yearly repeated validated food-frequency questionnaires, and anthropometric outcomes (median follow-up: 4.8 years). The effects of replacing dietary fat subtypes for one another, proteins or carbohydrates were estimated using generalized estimating equations substitution models. Replacement of 5% energy from saturated fatty acids (SFA) with monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) resulted in weight changes of -0.38 kg (95% Confidece Iinterval (CI): -0.69, -0.07), and -0.51 kg (95% CI: -0.81, -0.20), respectively. Replacing proteins with MUFA or PUFA decreased the odds of becoming obese. Estimates for the daily substitution of one portion of red meat with white meat, oily fish or white fish showed weight changes up to -0.87 kg. Increasing the intake of unsaturated fatty acids at the expense of SFA, proteins, and carbohydrates showed beneficial effects on body weight and obesity. It may therefore be desirable to encourage high-quality fat diets like the Mediterranean diet instead of restricting total fat intake.