Hemorrhoids.
Hemorrhoids.
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DOI：
10.1055/s-2007-977485
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发表时间：
2007-05-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Halverson, Amy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Halverson, Amy
痔疮是直肠远端粘膜和肛门外胚层下的正常血管结构。位于齿状线以上的有症状的内痔组织称为内痔，会产生出血和脱垂。外痔的血栓形成会导致疼痛的肿胀。肠道治疗失败的症状性内痔可以在办公室内用橡皮筋结扎或红外线凝固术进行治疗。对这些措施无效或复杂的内外混合内痔可能需要手术切除，无论是开放的还是闭合的。吻合器内固定术治疗有症状的内痔，应谨慎使用，并且只有在经过外科医生的全面培训后才能使用，因为存在罕见的严重并发症的风险。手术方式的选择应根据患者的症状、痔病的程度和外科医生的经验。
Hemorrhoids are normal vascular structures underlying the distal rectal mucosa and anoderm. Symptomatic hemorrhoidal tissues located above the dentate line are referred to as internal hemorrhoids and produce bleeding and prolapse. Thrombosis in external hemorrhoids results in painful swelling. Symptomatic internal hemorrhoids that fail bowel management programs may be amenable to in-office treatment with rubber band ligation or infrared coagulation. Internal hemorrhoids that fail to respond to these measures or complex internal and external hemorrhoidal disease may require a surgical hemorrhoidectomy, either open or closed. A stapled hemorrhoidopexy treats symptomatic internal hemorrhoids and should be employed with care and only after thorough training of the surgeon because of the risk of rare, severe complications. The choice of procedure should be based on the patient's symptoms, the extent of the hemorrhoidal disease, and the experience of the surgeon.