Staphylococcal skin disease in livestock
Staphylococcal skin disease in livestock
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-3164.2012.01093.x
复制
发表时间：
2012-08-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Foster, Aiden P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Foster, Aiden P.
牛--在牛中，葡萄球菌感染可能表现为毛囊炎或脓疱病。两者都可能表现为一组症状的轻微形式，大致称为乳房皮炎，具有不同的临床表现，并不总是涉及葡萄球菌。在山羊中，葡萄球菌感染可能继发于绒毛膜癣或传染性脓疱性皮炎(矛盾病毒感染)。虽然通常与金黄色葡萄球菌有关，但也有感染嗜铬葡萄球菌和猪葡萄球菌的报道。绵羊葡萄球菌性皮炎通常累及头部。由于头部与饲养槽和牧场上的研磨性植物紧密接触而造成的创伤可能是诱因。猪--在猪中，最常见的葡萄球菌皮肤病原因是海链球菌，尽管从一些油脂性猪病(渗出性表皮炎)病例中也分离出其他细菌，包括金黄色葡萄球菌、变色葡萄球菌和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)。诊断-常规培养方法越来越多地被分子方法补充以表征葡萄球菌的特征。管理-作为共生细菌，葡萄球菌皮肤感染被认为是由于诱因因素而发生的。虽然局部和系统治疗可以有效，但重要的是控制易感因素，以防止复发。牲畜相关的MRSA-近年来，出现了MRSA菌株，特别是在猪和牛中。虽然它们很少引起皮肤病，但它们确实引起了公共卫生当局的极大担忧。对家畜相关MRSA的研究可能有助于我们对家畜中葡萄球菌的理解，特别是它们如何在动物和人之间传播。
Cattle - In cattle, staphylococcal infections may present as folliculitis or as impetigo. Both may present as mild forms of a group of conditions loosely termed udder dermatitis, which has various clinical presentations and does not always involve staphylococci.Goats - In goats, staphylococcal infection may be secondary to chorioptic mange or contagious pustular dermatitis (parapox virus infection). While Staphylococcus aureus is usually implicated, infection with Staphylococcus chromogenes and Staphylococcus hyicus have also been reported.Sheep - Ovine staphylococcal dermatitis typically involves the head. Trauma due to the close contact of heads over feeding troughs and abrasive plants at pasture may be predisposing factors.Pigs - In pigs, the most common cause of staphylococcal skin disease is S. hyicus, although other bacteria, including Staphylococcus sciuri, Staphylococcus chromogenes and meticillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), have also been isolated from some cases of greasy pig disease (exudative epidermitis).Diagnosis - Routine culture methods are increasingly supplemented by molecular methods to characterize staphylococci.Management - As commensal bacteria, staphylococcal skin infection is presumed to develop because of predisposing factors. While topical and systemic therapies can be effective, it is important to control for predisposing factors so that recurrences can be prevented.Livestock-associated MRSA - In recent years, MRSA strains have emerged, particularly in pigs and cattle. While they rarely cause skin disease, they do pose a significant concern for public health authorities. Studies on livestock-associated MRSA may help to progress our understanding of staphylococci in livestock, especially how they spread between animals and humans.