HOST EFFECTS ON HERBIVORY AND POLLINATION IN A HEMIPARASITIC PLANT
HOST EFFECTS ON HERBIVORY AND POLLINATION IN A HEMIPARASITIC PLANT
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寄主对半寄生植物食草和授粉的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
L. S. Adler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. S. Adler
寄主对寄生虫与其他物种相互作用的间接影响尚不清楚，由于潜在的直接和间接影响的复杂性，可能很难预测寄主物种对寄生虫性能的影响结果。例如，寄生植物从寄主那里获得防御性化合物和营养物质，因此寄生植物的许多属性取决于其寄主物种的质量。在这里，我通过一系列的田间实验，测量了羽扇豆属寄主物种(Lupinus Argenteus)与其他寄主物种对半寄生性印度油漆树(Castilleja Mini Ata)的草食、授粉和雌性植物适合性的影响。在野外通过测定印度画笔树叶中的羽扇豆碱生物碱来确定羽扇豆碱与羽扇豆碱的相关性。我发现，与寄生于其他寄主物种的印度画笔植物相比，寄生羽毛虫幼虫、食虫蝇幼虫和鹿的印度画笔植物的食草性减少。而花序中的生物碱含量与羽蛾发生没有相关性。寄主种类不影响传粉者田间对印度画笔的喜好。寄生在其他寄主物种上的印度画笔产生的种子总数是印度画笔的两倍。相关关系表明，这一益处来自于减少草食和增加氮素资源。寄生羽扇豆属的印度画笔植物中食草性的减少表明，寄主物种可以通过间接途径影响半寄生虫的表现，更大的草食动物群落可以改变宿主对其植物寄生虫的影响。
The indirect effects of hosts on interactions between parasites and other species are not well understood, and it may be difficult to predict the outcome of host species effects on parasite performance due to the complexity of potential direct and indirect effects. For example, parasitic plants obtain defensive compounds as well as nutrients from their hosts, and thus many attributes of parasitic plants are dependent on the quality of their host species. Here I measure the effect of a lupine host species ( Lupinus argenteus) compared to other host species on herbivory, pollination, and female plant fitness in the hemiparasite Indian paintbrush (Castilleja miniata) using a series of field experiments. Association with lupine was determined in the field by assaying Indian paintbrush leaves for lupine alkaloids. I found that Indian paintbrush plants parasitizing lupines experienced reduced herbivory from plume moth larvae, agromyzid fly larvae, and deer, relative to Indian paintbrush plants parasitizing other host species. However, there was no correlation between alkaloid content of inflorescences and plume moth performance. Host species did not affect pollinator preference for Indian paintbrush in the field. Indian paintbrush para- sitizing lupines produced twice as many seeds overall as Indian paintbrush parasitizing other host species. Correlations suggest that this benefit arises both from reduced herbivory and increased nitrogenous resources. The reduction of herbivory in Indian paintbrush plants parasitizing lupines indicates that host species can affect performance of hemiparasites via indirect pathways, and that the larger community of herbivores could alter the impact of a host on its plant parasites.