Correlation between particle size, in vivo particle persistence, and lung injury.
Correlation between particle size, in vivo particle persistence, and lung injury.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.102-1567252
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发表时间：
1994-10
影响因子：
10.4
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
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剂量测定参数，如吸入颗粒在不同肺室中的沉积、清除、滞留和易位以及溶解，对于颗粒在肺中的持久性可能很重要，并可能与不良肺效应相关。我们研究了这样的相关性，使用一个模型，涉及两个粒径（20纳米直径，超细; 250纳米直径，罚款）相同的晶体结构（纳米）的TiO 2颗粒。在大鼠中进行的12周吸入实验导致两种颗粒类型在下呼吸道中的相似质量沉积。与较大尺寸的颗粒相比，超细颗粒在动物的肺部引起了持续的高炎症反应。在暴露后阶段（长达1年），细和超细TiO 2在肺泡腔中的滞留本身没有差异。然而，注意到颗粒类型之间存在以下差异：（超细TiO 2的保留时间显著延长）和定性（超细TiO2向肺动脉的转移增加，并在那里持续存在）;更大的上皮效应（II型细胞增殖; Kohn孔闭塞）和超细TiO 2间质纤维化灶的开始;暴露于超细TiO2后，通过试验颗粒的清除率测量，肺泡巨噬细胞功能显著持续受损。观察到颗粒表面积和效果之间的相关性。在暴露后阶段，不同肺隔室中不良反应与TiO 2剂量测定参数的比较显示，肺泡和间质空间中效应的持续性与相应隔室中颗粒的持续性相关。
Dosimetry parameters such as deposition, clearance, retention, and translocation and dissolution of inhaled particles in and to different lung compartments may be important for the persistence of particles in the lung and may correlate with adverse pulmonary effects. We investigated such correlations using a model involving TiO2 particles of two particle sizes (20 nm diameter, ultrafine; 250 nm diameter, fine) of the same crystalline structure (anatase). A 12-week inhalation experiment in rats resulted in a similar mass deposition of the two particle types in the lower respiratory tract. The ultrafine particles elicited a persistently high inflammatory reaction in the lungs of the animals compared to the larger-sized particles. In the postexposure period (up to 1 year) retention in the alveolar space per se was not different between fine and ultrafine TiO2. However, the following differences between the particle types were noted: a significantly different total pulmonary retention, both quantitatively (significantly prolonged retention of the ultrafine TiO2) and qualitatively (increased translocation to the pulmonary interstitium and persistence there of the ultrafine TiO2); greater epithelial effects (Type II cell proliferation; occlusion of pores of Kohn) and the beginning of interstitial fibrotic foci with ultrafine TiO2; significant sustained impairment of alveolar macrophage function after ultrafine TiO2 exposure as measured by the clearance of test particles. A correlation between particle surface area and effects was observed. A comparison of the adverse reactions with dosimetric parameters of TiO2 in different lung compartments in the postexposure period showed a correlation of the persistence of effects in both the alveolar and interstitial space with the persistence of particles in the respective compartment.