Biology and applications of mesenchymal stem cells
Biology and applications of mesenchymal stem cells
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DOI：
10.3184/003685010x12708175591515
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发表时间：
2010-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Camassola, Melissa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chagastelles, Pedro Cesar;Nardi, Nance Beyer;Camassola, Melissa
未分化的成体干细胞负责成年生物体中的细胞替换。最初是从骨髓中分离出来的，现在已知它们作为一个整体分布在整个生物体中，并有血管周围的位置。它们的特性包括作为贴壁细胞的增殖，明确的免疫表型，以及在体外分化为成骨细胞、脂肪细胞和软骨母细胞的能力。间充质干细胞(MSCs)被认为是最有前途的治疗细胞类型之一。这种治疗作用的机制尚不清楚，可能涉及分化或如大多数证据所指出的旁分泌活性。调节免疫系统的能力打开了广泛的应用，主要用于自身免疫性疾病和移植物抗宿主疾病。临床前和临床研究显示出有希望的结果，但有争议的结果仍有报道，这表明需要进一步的基础和临床前研究其治疗潜力。本文将重点介绍近年来对间充质干细胞生物学及其在细胞治疗中的应用的研究进展。
Undifferentiated adult stem cells are responsible for cell replacement in adult organisms. Initially isolated from the bone marrow, they are now known to be distributed throughout the organism as a whole, with a perivascular location. They are defined by properties which include proliferation as adherent cells, a defined immunophenotype, and the capacity to differentiate in vitro into osteoblasts, adipocytes and chondroblasts. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered as one of the most promising cell types for therapeutic applications. Mechanisms responsible for this therapeutic role are not well understood, and may involve differentiation or, as most evidences point out, paracrine activity. The ability to modulate the immune system opens a wide range of applications, mainly for autoimmune diseases and graft-versus-host disease. Preclinical and clinical studies show promising results, but controversial results are still reported, indicating the need for further basic and preclinical investigation on their therapeutic potential. This review will focus on recent advances in understanding MSC biology and applications in cell therapy.