Transforming REDD+: Lessons and new directions
Transforming REDD+: Lessons and new directions
复制标题
转变 REDD：经验教训和新方向
DOI：
10.17528/cifor/007045
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
katherine Bocanegra
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Thuy;M. Moeliono;A. Angelsen;M. Brockhaus;Patricia Gallo;Hoang Tuang Long;Chi Dao Thi Linh;Claudia Ochoa;katherine Bocanegra
建设性的批评。本书对迄今为止 REDD+ 的实施进行了批判性的、基于证据的分析，同时也没有忽视减少森林排放以防止灾难性气候变化的迫切需要。REDD+ 的设想尚未经过大规模测试。 REDD+ 的新颖功能——基于结果的支付尚未经过测试。国际资金（公共和私人）仍然稀缺，并且缺乏通过碳市场的需求。更好的国家扶持条件。 50多个国家已将REDD+纳入其国家自主贡献，并制定了国家REDD+战略。 REDD+ 提高了各国的监测能力和对驱动因素的了解，增加了利益相关者的参与，并提供了一个确保土著和社区土地权利的平台——所有这些都是解决森林砍伐和森林退化问题的关键条件。森林和社会影响适度。当地的 REDD+ 举措为森林取得了有限但积极的成果。福祉影响有限且好坏参半，但事实证明，如果纳入激励措施，更有可能产生积极影响。国家协调，积极叙述。基于森林的缓解战略现在必须纳入各部门和各级政府的主流。尽管目前主要排放国存在政治不确定性，但对森林如何促进经济发展和气候目标的积极正面叙述可以促进基于森林的缓解。不断发展的REDD+和新举措。 REDD+ 不断发展，并出现了新的举措来支持其更广泛的目标：私营部门可持续发展承诺、气候智能型农业、森林和景观恢复以及跨法定领土的更全面的管辖方法。 内容： 前言致谢摘要1 简介：REDD+ 进入第二个十年第 1 部分第 1 部分 REDD+ 金融和构建模块2 影响路径：REDD+ 是可行的变革理论吗？3 融资 REDD+：平等交易，还是不平等竞争4 基于结果的支付：谁应该支付，为了什么支付？5 信息和政策变化：有关驱动因素的数据可以推动变革 - 如果使用得当，第 2 部分 国家政治 6 战略调整：将 REDD+ 纳入国家自主贡献和国家气候政策 7 多层次治理：一些协调问题无法通过协调解决 8 土地和碳保有权：取得一些进展，但进展不够 第 3 部分 评估影响 9 国家和地方森林保护政策：什么有效，什么无效 10 森林和碳：地方 REDD+ 举措11 人民和社区：REDD+ 对当地福祉的影响第 4 部分不断发展的举措12 地方司法管辖方法：政策创新和变革伙伴关系13 私营部门：零毁林承诺能否拯救热带森林？14 气候智能型农业：更高的产量会导致更少的毁林吗？15 森林恢复：认真对待 REDD+ 中的“加”16 结论：转型 REDD+ 道路上的经验教训 术语表参考文献勘误表
Constructive critique. This book provides a critical, evidence-based analysis of REDD+ implementation so far, without losing sight of the urgent need to reduce forest-based emissions to prevent catastrophic climate change.REDD+ as envisioned has not been tested at scale. Results-based payment, the novel feature of REDD+, has gone untested. International funding (both public and private) remains scarce, and demand through carbon markets is lacking.Better national enabling conditions. Over 50 countries have included REDD+ in their NDCs and developed national REDD+ strategies. REDD+ has improved countries’ monitoring capacities and understanding of drivers, increased stakeholder involvement, and provided a platform to secure indigenous and community land rights – all key conditions for addressing deforestation and forest degradation.Modest forest and social impacts. Local REDD+ initiatives have achieved limited but positive outcomes for forests. Well-being impacts have been modest and mixed, but have proved more likely to be positive when incentives are included.National coordination, with a positive narrative. Forest-based mitigation strategies must now be mainstreamed across sectors and levels of government. A strong positive narrative on how forests contribute to economic development and climate goals could boost forest-based mitigation, in spite of the current political uncertainties in key emitting countries.Evolving REDD+ and new initiatives. REDD+ has evolved, and new initiatives have emerged to support its broader objective: private sector sustainability commitments, climate-smart agriculture, forest and landscape restoration, and more holistic jurisdictional approaches working across legally defined territories.Contents: Foreword Acknowledgement Summary1 Introduction: REDD+ enters its second decadePart 1 Part 1 REDD+ finance and building blocks2 Pathway to impact: Is REDD+ a viable theory of change?3 Financing REDD+ : A transaction among equals, or an uneven playing field?4 Results-based payment: Who should be paid, and for what?5 Information and policy change: Data on drivers can drive change - if used wisely Part 2 National politics6 Strategic alignment: Integrating REDD+ in NDCs and national climate policies7 Multi-level governance: Some coordination problems cannot be solved through coordination8 Land and carbon tenure: Some - but insufficient - progress Part 3 Assessing impacts9 National and subnational forest conservation policies: What works, what doesn’t10 Forests and carbon: The impacts of local REDD+ initiatives11 People and communities: Well-being impacts of REDD+ on the groundPart 4 Evolving initiatives12 Subnational jurisdictional approaches: Policy innovation and partnerships for change13 The private sector: Can zero deforestation commitments save tropical forests?14 Climate-smart agriculture: Will higher yields lead to lower deforestation?15 Forest restoration: Getting serious about the 'plus' in REDD+16 Conclusions: Lessons for the path to a transformational REDD+ Glossary References Errata