Learning to stand alone: The contemporary American transition to adulthood in cultural and historical context
Learning to stand alone: The contemporary American transition to adulthood in cultural and historical context
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DOI：
10.1159/000022591
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发表时间：
1998-09-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Arnett, JJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arnett, JJ
在当代美国多数文化的成年过渡的概念进行检查，并比较跨文化和历史的概念。首先介绍了其他地方和时代的观点，这表明人们普遍认为，向成年的过渡涉及冲动控制和勤奋等性格品质的逐渐发展，但最终以婚姻作为向成年过渡的最终标志。从最近的几个美国研究的结果，然后提出，表明当代年轻的美国人的卓越标准的过渡到成年人的个人主义的性格品质接受一个人的自我负责，并作出独立的决定，沿着成为经济独立;婚姻，相比之下，排名很低。新的数据来说明年轻的美国人的概念过渡到成年。个人主义标准在美国社会的突出和婚姻在其他地方和时代的突出的原因进行了讨论。成年初显期的概念是作为一种新的方式概念化的青春期和青年成年期之间的时期。
Conceptions of the transition to adulthood in the contemporary American majority culture are examined, and compared to conceptions cross-culturally and historically. Perspectives from other places and times are presented first, indicating that there is a widespread view that the transition to adulthood involves the gradual development of character qualities such as impulse control and diligence but culminates in marriage as the ultimate marker of the transition to adulthood. Findings from several recent American studies are then presented, indicating that for contemporary young Americans the preeminent criteria for the transition to adulthood are the individualistic character qualities of accepting responsibility for one's self and making independent decisions, along with becoming financially independent; marriage, in contrast, ranks very low. New data are presented to illustrate young Americans' conceptions of the transition to adulthood. Reasons are discussed for the prominence of individualistic criteria in American society and the prominence of marriage in other places and times. The concept of emerging adulthood is presented as a new way of conceptualizing the period between adolescence and young adulthood.