Calcium regulation of actin dynamics in dendritic spines
Calcium regulation of actin dynamics in dendritic spines
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.ceca.2005.01.016
复制
发表时间：
2005-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Matus, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Oertner, TG;Matus, A
大脑中的大多数兴奋性突触都是在棘上形成的，棘是树突上的小突起，树突有许多不同的形状和大小。棘是高度能动的，这一过程反映了棘内肌动蛋白细胞骨架的快速重排，也可以在较长的时间尺度上改变形状和大小。这些不同形式的形态可塑性以活动依赖性方式调节，涉及通过谷氨酸受体和电压门控钙通道的钙内流。许多调节丝状肌动蛋白（F-actin）周转的蛋白质是钙依赖性的，并且可能将细胞内钙水平调节为脊柱形状的变化。另一方面，棘突的形态可能会影响其上突触的功能，特别是，突触可塑性的诱导需要突触后钙浓度的大幅升高，这取决于棘突对钙进行区室化的能力。由于肌动蛋白细胞骨架也被称为锚突触后谷氨酸受体，在肌动蛋白聚合状态的变化有可能影响突触功能，在许多方面。在这里，我们回顾了最突出的类型的变化，在海马锥体细胞的棘形态方面的钙依赖性，并讨论其对突触功能的潜在影响。(c)2005爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Most excitatory synapses in the brain are made on spines, small protrusions from dendrites that exist in many different shapes and sizes. Spines are highly motile, a process that reflects rapid rearrangements of the actin cytoskeleton inside the spine, and can also change shape and size over longer timescales. These different forms of morphological plasticity are regulated in an activity-dependent way, involving calcium influx through glutamate receptors and voltage-gated calcium channels. Many proteins regulating the turnover of filamentous actin (F-actin) are calcium-dependent and might transduce intracellular calcium levels into spine shape changes. On the other hand, the morphology of a spine might affect the function of the synapse residing on it. In particular, the induction of synaptic plasticity is known to require large elevations in the postsynaptic calcium concentration, which depend on the ability of the spine to compartmentalize calcium. Since the actin cytoskeleton is also known to anchor postsynaptic glutamate receptors, changes in the actin polymerization state have the potential to influence synaptic function in a number of ways. Here we review the most prominent types of changes in spine morphology in hippocampal pyramidal cells with regard to their calcium-dependence and discuss their potential impact on synaptic function. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.