Biofilm Formation Drives Transfer of the Conjugative Element ICEBs1 in Bacillus subtilis.
Biofilm Formation Drives Transfer of the Conjugative Element ICEBs1 in Bacillus subtilis.
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DOI：
10.1128/msphere.00473-18
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发表时间：
2018-09-26
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Beauregard PB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lécuyer F;Bourassa JS;Gélinas M;Charron-Lamoureux V;Burrus V;Beauregard PB
移动的遗传元件从一种细菌转移到另一种细菌是抗生素耐药性传播的主要原因。然而，这些元素在环境背景下的传播知之甚少。在临床和环境环境中，细菌经常被发现生活在包裹在基质中的多细胞群落中，这种结构被称为生物膜。在这项研究中，我们研究了生物膜的形成如何影响整合和接合元件（ICE）的传输。以革兰氏阳性菌B.在枯草芽孢杆菌中，我们观察到生物膜形成高度有利于ICE转移。这种接合转移的增加是由于细胞外基质的产生，这产生了理想的生物物理环境。我们的研究为生物膜结构在驱动接合转移中的作用提供了重要的见解，这是非常重要的，因为生物膜是临床相关细菌菌株的广泛优势细菌生活方式。通过整合和接合元件（ICE）进行的水平基因转移是细菌耐药性传播的重要机制。在环境和临床环境中，大多数细菌形成生物膜作为保护自身免受细胞外应激的一种方式。然而，关于ICE在生物膜中的转移仍有许多未知之处。使用枯草芽孢杆菌的ICEBs 1，我们表明，这种ICE的自然结合效率受到供体和受体形成生物膜的能力的极大影响。ICEBs 1转移在生物膜中显著增加，即使在低供体/受体比率下。此外，虽然生物膜形成和ICEBs 1转移之间存在明确的时间相关性，但生物膜不会改变供体细胞中ICEBs 1切除的水平。结合转移似乎受到生物膜的生物物理背景的青睐。事实上，细胞外基质的生产，特别是从受体细胞，是必不可少的生物膜，以促进ICEBs 1转移。我们的研究提供了关于生物膜中ICE接合转移率高的基本新知识，这是环境中广泛占优势的细菌生活方式，这可能对我们理解自然和临床环境中的水平基因转移产生重大影响。移动的遗传因子从一种细菌转移到另一种细菌是抗生素耐药性传播的主要原因。然而，这些元素在环境背景下的传播知之甚少。在临床和环境环境中，细菌经常被发现生活在包裹在基质中的多细胞群落中，这种结构被称为生物膜。在这项研究中，我们研究了生物膜的形成如何影响整合和接合元件（ICE）的传输。以革兰氏阳性菌B.在枯草芽孢杆菌中，我们观察到生物膜形成高度有利于ICE转移。这种接合转移的增加是由于细胞外基质的产生，这产生了理想的生物物理环境。我们的研究为生物膜结构在驱动接合转移中的作用提供了重要的见解，这是非常重要的，因为生物膜是临床相关细菌菌株的广泛优势细菌生活方式。
Transfer of mobile genetic elements from one bacterium to another is the principal cause of the spread of antibiotic resistance. However, the dissemination of these elements in environmental contexts is poorly understood. In clinical and environmental settings, bacteria are often found living in multicellular communities encased in a matrix, a structure known as a biofilm. In this study, we examined how forming a biofilm influences the transmission of an integrative and conjugative element (ICE). Using the model Gram-positive bacterium B. subtilis, we observed that biofilm formation highly favors ICE transfer. This increase in conjugative transfer is due to the production of extracellular matrix, which creates an ideal biophysical context. Our study provides important insights into the role of the biofilm structure in driving conjugative transfer, which is of major importance since biofilm is a widely preponderant bacterial lifestyle for clinically relevant bacterial strains. Horizontal gene transfer by integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs) is a very important mechanism for spreading antibiotic resistance in various bacterial species. In environmental and clinical settings, most bacteria form biofilms as a way to protect themselves against extracellular stress. However, much remains to be known about ICE transfer in biofilms. Using ICEBs1 from Bacillus subtilis, we show that the natural conjugation efficiency of this ICE is greatly affected by the ability of the donor and recipient to form a biofilm. ICEBs1 transfer considerably increases in biofilm, even at low donor/recipient ratios. Also, while there is a clear temporal correlation between biofilm formation and ICEBs1 transfer, biofilms do not alter the level of ICEBs1 excision in donor cells. Conjugative transfer appears to be favored by the biophysical context of biofilms. Indeed, extracellular matrix production, particularly from the recipient cells, is essential for biofilms to promote ICEBs1 transfer. Our study provides basic new knowledge on the high rate of conjugative transfer of ICEs in biofilms, a widely preponderant bacterial lifestyle in the environment, which could have a major impact on our understanding of horizontal gene transfer in natural and clinical environments. IMPORTANCE Transfer of mobile genetic elements from one bacterium to another is the principal cause of the spread of antibiotic resistance. However, the dissemination of these elements in environmental contexts is poorly understood. In clinical and environmental settings, bacteria are often found living in multicellular communities encased in a matrix, a structure known as a biofilm. In this study, we examined how forming a biofilm influences the transmission of an integrative and conjugative element (ICE). Using the model Gram-positive bacterium B. subtilis, we observed that biofilm formation highly favors ICE transfer. This increase in conjugative transfer is due to the production of extracellular matrix, which creates an ideal biophysical context. Our study provides important insights into the role of the biofilm structure in driving conjugative transfer, which is of major importance since biofilm is a widely preponderant bacterial lifestyle for clinically relevant bacterial strains.