Spatial Analysis of the Relationship Between Levels of Service Provided by Public Transit and Areas of High Demand in Jefferson County, Kentucky
Spatial Analysis of the Relationship Between Levels of Service Provided by Public Transit and Areas of High Demand in Jefferson County, Kentucky
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肯塔基州杰斐逊县公共交通提供的服务水平与高需求地区之间关系的空间分析
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Wei Song
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Toms;Wei Song
摘要 公共交通系统的责任是为在大多数情况下代表少数群体和低收入阶层以及老年人的个人提供一种交通方式。此前对此问题的研究表明，不同地区的服务分配不均，通常对这些弱势群体不利。本研究的目的是研究肯塔基州杰斐逊县的交通系统服务水平与需求领域之间的关系，旨在确定为人民和社会弱势地区提供公共交通的空间差距。根据公交车站可达距离（400 m）内的区域比例和路线频率，为每个普查区域构建了衡量服务水平的供应指数。使用社会经济和位置变量创建了交通需求指数。研究了公共交通供应和需求措施的空间分布和模式。进行了需求差距分析，特别关注显示高于平均水平和高需求但交通服务低或零的人口普查区域（差距区域）。研究表明，大多数服务差距区域位于靠近中央商务区的城市内部，那里是少数族裔和低收入人口往往集中的地方。
abstract The responsibility of public transit systems is to provide a mode of transport to individuals who in most cases represent the minority and low-income classes as well was the elderly. Previous studies on the matter have shown unequal distributions of service across different areas, usually to the disadvantage of these vulnerable groups. The goal of this research was to study the relationship between transit system service levels and areas of need in Jefferson County, Kentucky, aiming to identify spatial gaps in public transport provision for people and areas of social disadvantage. A supply index to measure service level was constructed for each census tract, based on the share of the tract within access distance (400 m) to bus stops and route frequencies. A transit needs index was created using socioeconomic and locational variables. Spatial distribution and patterns of public transit supply and needs measures were examined. A needs-gap analysis was performed, particularly focusing on census tracts showing above average and high need but with low or zero transit service (gap areas). This study revealed that most service gap areas were located in the interior of the city close to the central business district where minority and low-income populations tend to concentrate.