Water-repellent soil and its relationship to granularity, surface roughness and hydrophobicity: a materials science view
Water-repellent soil and its relationship to granularity, surface roughness and hydrophobicity: a materials science view
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2389.2004.00683.x
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发表时间：
2005-08-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Shirtcliffe, NJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McHale, G;Newton, MI;Shirtcliffe, NJ
在世界各地的许多地方都观察到了相当大的土壤排水性。在土壤剖面的上部发现了表现出憎水性的土壤。进入这些土壤的水分入渗率降低导致严重的径流侵蚀，植物生长减慢。土壤的憎水性是通过土壤干燥来促进的，并且可以通过火或含有疏水性有机物的土壤的强烈加热来诱导。土壤科学之外的最新研究表明，如何通过表面纹理(即表面粗糙度、图案和形态)增强材料的天然憎水性(即表面粗糙度、图案和形态)成为超疏水性是可能的。从非土壤学家的角度，从材料的角度讨论了这些超疏水材料与憎水土壤的观察特性之间的相似性。建立了疏水颗粒表面的一个简单模型，结果表明，这可以通过颗粒和孔隙的相对大小和间距来增强土壤的憎水性。该模型提供了一个可能的解释，解释为什么土壤的排水性在干燥条件下比潮湿条件下更普遍。讨论了径流、雨滴飞溅和土壤侵蚀的后果。
Considerable soil water repellency has been observed at a wide range of locations worldwide. The soil exhibiting water repellency is found within the upper part of the soil profile. The reduced rate of water infiltration into these soils leads to severe runoff erosion, and reduction of plant growth. Soil water repellency is promoted by drying of soil, and can be induced by fire or intense heating of soil containing hydrophobic organic matter. Recent studies outside soil science have shown how enhancement of the natural water repellency of materials, both porous and granular, by surface texture (i.e. surface roughness, pattern and morphology) into super-hydrophobicity is possible. The similarities between these super-hydrophobic materials and observed properties of water-repellent soil are discussed from a non-soil scientist, materials-based perspective. A simple model is developed for a hydrophobic granular surface and it is shown that this can provide a mechanism for enhancement of soil water repellency through the relative size and spacing of grains and pores. The model provides a possible explanation for why soil water repellency should be more prevalent under dry conditions than wet. Consequences for water runoff, raindrop splash and soil erosion are discussed.