A new look at anchoring effects: Basic anchoring and its antecedents
A new look at anchoring effects: Basic anchoring and its antecedents
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DOI：
10.1037/0096-3445.125.4.387
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发表时间：
1996-12-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Brekke, N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wilson, TD;Houston, CE;Brekke, N
在以前的锚定研究中，人们被要求考虑一个锚作为目标问题的可能答案，或者被给予信息锚。作者预测，基本的锚定效应可能会发生，即使人们没有被要求将这个数字与目标值进行比较，没有信息的数字锚也会影响判断。五项研究支持这些假设：如果人们对锚值给予足够的注意，就会发生基本锚定;知识渊博的人对基本锚定效应不太敏感;锚定似乎是无意和无意识的，即使人们事先得到警告，也很难避免。讨论了基本锚定的可能机制以及这些机制与其他判断和纠正过程之间的关系。
In previous anchoring studies people were asked to consider an anchor as a possible answer to the target question or were given informative anchors. The authors predicted that basic anchoring effects can occur, whereby uninformative numerical anchors influence a judgment even when people are not asked to compare this number to the target value. Five studies supported these hypotheses: Basic anchoring occurs if people pay sufficient attention to the anchor value; knowledgeable people are less susceptible to basic anchoring effects; anchoring appears to operate unintentionally and nonconsciously in that it is difficult to avoid even when people are forewarned. The possible mechanisms of basic anchoring and the relation between these mechanisms and other processes of judgment and correction are discussed.