Interrelationships among growth, endocrine, immune, and temperament variables in neonatal Brahman calves
Interrelationships among growth, endocrine, immune, and temperament variables in neonatal Brahman calves
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DOI：
10.2527/jas.2009-1931
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发表时间：
2009-10-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Randel, R. D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burdick, N. C.;Banta, J. P.;Randel, R. D.
在新生婆罗门牛犊生长，内分泌，免疫和气质变量之间的相互关系进行了评估。测量动物离开工作滑道时的速度（出口速度），并将其用作气质的客观指标，将小牛分类为平静、中间或喜怒无常。小牛（n = 116）在第0天和第21 - 24天之间每周称重一次，并在出生后第0、1、2、7、14和21 - 24天采集血浆和血清血样，以测量免疫球蛋白、皮质醇和肾上腺素（EPI）的浓度。体重从第0天到第21天到第24天增加（P < 0.001），公牛（n = 60）的BW大于小母牛（n = 56; P = 0.02）。血清皮质醇浓度在第0天最高，随后在随后的21 ~ 24天下降（P < 0.001），与气质（P = 0.89）或性别（P = 0.97）无关。EPI浓度受时间影响，在2 ~ 14日龄，喜怒无常公牛的EPI浓度显著升高（P < 0.008）。EPI浓度不受气质（P = 0.44）或性别（P = 0.68）的影响。血清免疫球蛋白浓度在出生后第1天达到峰值，随后下降（P < 0.01），但与气质无关（P = 0.40 ~ 0.68）。在测量的应激激素（皮质醇和EPI）中，只有皮质醇与小牛的早期表现有关。小牛体重在d 21至24和BW增益与血清免疫球蛋白浓度呈正相关，但与皮质醇浓度呈负相关。血清免疫球蛋白浓度与皮质醇浓度呈负相关（r = -0.28; P = 0.003），而与EPI浓度呈正相关（r = 0.51; P = 0.003）。在本研究的新生儿期，有没有被动免疫或应激激素浓度的气质的关系，但是，生长与被动免疫呈正相关，与应激激素呈负相关。测量退出速度早在生命的d 21至24未能准确预测超过40%的婆罗门小牛断奶时的气质。我们的结论是，出口速度的测量应该在离乳时间比出生时间更近的时间进行。这些数据可以在制定最佳管理实践的年轻小牛是有益的。
Interrelationships among growth, endocrine, immune, and temperament variables were assessed in neonatal Brahman calves. The velocity upon exiting a working chute (exit velocity) of an animal was measured and used as an objective indicator of temperament to classify calves as calm, intermediate, or temperamental. Calves (n = 116) were weighed weekly between d 0 and 21 to 24, and blood samples were collected for plasma and serum on d 0, 1, 2, 7, 14, and 21 to 24 after birth to measure concentrations of immunoglobulins, cortisol, and epinephrine (EPI). Body weight increased from d 0 through d 21 to 24 (P < 0.001) with bulls (n = 60) having greater BW than heifers (n = 56; P = 0.02). Serum concentrations of cortisol were greatest on d 0 before declining (P < 0.001) over the ensuing 21 to 24 d and were not related to temperament (P = 0.89) or sex (P = 0.97). Concentrations of EPI were affected by time, with an increase in EPI concentrations in temperamental bulls between 2 and 14 d of age (P < 0.008). Concentrations of EPI were not affected by temperament (P = 0.44) or sex (P = 0.68). Serum immunoglobulin concentrations peaked on d 1 before declining (P < 0.01) but were not related to temperament (P = 0.40 to 0.68). Of the stress hormones measured (cortisol and EPI), only cortisol was associated with the early performance of the calf. Calf BW at d 21 to 24 and BW gain were positively associated with serum immunoglobulin concentrations, yet negatively associated with concentrations of cortisol. Serum immunoglobulin concentrations were negatively correlated with cortisol concentrations (r = -0.28; P = 0.003), yet positively associated with EPI concentrations (r = 0.51; P = 0.003). During the neonatal period in this study, there was no relationship of temperament with passive immunity or stress hormone concentrations; however, growth was positively associated with passive immunity and negatively associated with stress hormones. Measuring exit velocity as early in life as d 21 to 24 fails to accurately predict temperament at weaning in over 40% of Brahman calves. Our conclusion is that measurement of exit velocity should be done nearer to the time of weaning than to birth. These data can be beneficial in developing best management practices for young calves.