MEDIATOR RELEASE DURING NASAL PROVOCATION - A MODEL TO INVESTIGATE THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF RHINITIS
MEDIATOR RELEASE DURING NASAL PROVOCATION - A MODEL TO INVESTIGATE THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF RHINITIS
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DOI：
10.1016/0002-9343(85)90084-1
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发表时间：
1985-12-20
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
LICHTENSTEIN, LM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
TOGIAS, A;NACLERIO, RM;LICHTENSTEIN, LM
使用不同类型刺激的鼻刺激模型研究了鼻炎的发病机制。过敏受试者对抗原攻击有立即反应，鼻炎症状与鼻分泌物中组胺、前列腺素 D2、激肽和激肽原、白三烯以及甲苯磺酰精氨酸甲酯酶活性浓度的增加高度相关。这种反应可以被三环抗组胺药减弱，这种三环抗组胺药也能够在体外抑制人肥大细胞释放介质，并且在某些受试者中可以被色甘酸二钠减弱。许多患者在鼻刺激后 3 至 12 小时再次出现症状。这种晚期反应还涉及除前列腺素 D2 之外的所有上述介质的释放，初步数据表明它可以被口服或局部类固醇抑制。寒冷、干燥的空气可以通过特定受试者释放的肥大细胞介质诱发鼻炎。这种反应的发病机制尚不清楚，但有迹象表明渗透压的变化是肥大细胞激活的原因。因此，可以通过免疫和物理机制诱导肥大细胞释放介质并引起鼻部症状，这可能解释了几种类型鼻炎的病理生理学。
The pathogenesis of rhinitis was investigated using a model of nasal provocation wth different types of stimuli. Allergic subjects had an immediate response to antigenic challenge with symptoms of rhinitis highly correlated with increments in the concentrations of histamine, prostaglandin D2, kinins and kininogens, leukotrienes, and toluene sulfonyl arginine methyl ester esterase activity in their nasal secretions. This reaction was abated by a tricyclic antihistamine also capable of inhibiting mediator release from human mast cells in vitro and, in some subjects, by disodium cromoglycate. In a number of patients, symptoms reappeared three to 12 hours after nasal provocation. This late reaction als involves release of all of the aforementioned mediators except for prostaglandin D2, and preliminary data suggest that it can be inhibited by oral or topical steroids. Cold, dry air can induce rhinitis with mast cell mediator release from selected subjects. The pathogenesis of this reaction is unclear, but there are indications that osmolarity changes are responsible for mast cell activation. Thus, mast cells can be induced to release mediators and cause nasal symptoms by both immunologic and physical mechanisms, which may account for the pathophysiology of several types of rhinitis.