Flight Performance Characteristics of a Biologically-Inspired Morphing Aircraft
Flight Performance Characteristics of a Biologically-Inspired Morphing Aircraft
复制标题
仿生变形飞机的飞行性能特征
DOI：
10.2514/6.2005-345
复制
发表时间：
2005
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
M. Abdulrahim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Abdulrahim
尽管飞机技术在过去的一个世纪里不断创新，但现代飞机的多功能性仍然远远不如机载生物飞机。鸟类和蝙蝠在光线下完成的形状变化是为数不多的真正变形的例子之一。因此，航空界正在投入相当多的精力研究生物系统，以及如何在轻型飞行器上实施这些系统。这方面的工作主要涉及静态空气动力学和气动弹性效应。然而，这种有限的关注使得动力学、控制、稳定性和ight性能的整个领域没有得到研究。本文提出了一种基于现有车辆设计和执行机构的简单变形方法。这架飞机被改装成模仿鸟类翅膀上常见的基本变形机制，即扭曲翼尖以控制翻滚和改变海鸥的翼角。后一种机构用作准静态效应器，其中机翼形状从一个位置改变到另一个位置。飞机采用了一个薄的下弧面机翼和一个骨梁结构来实现机翼变形。通过一系列的试验结果，强调了变形控制对车辆动力学的影响。指挥和响应数据分析表明，车辆在不同变形水平下的处理质量有显著变化。此外，变形已被证明对爬升率、滑翔角和失速特性等飞行性能指标有影响。
Despite the past century of innovation in aircraft technology, the versatility of modern aircraft remains far worse than airborne biological counterparts. The shape changing accomplished by birds and bats in ight stands as one of the few examples of true morphing. As such, the aircraft community is devoting considerable attention to the study of biological systems and how they might be implemented on a ight vehicle. Much of this work addresses static aerodynamic and aeroelastic effects. However, this limited focus leaves the entire areas of dynamics, control, stability, and ight performance unstudied. This paper presents a simple approach to morphing based on existing vehicle designs and actuators. The aircraft is modied to mimic basic morphing mechanisms commonly observed on bird wings, namely twisting the wingtips for roll control and varying the gull wing angle. The latter mechanism is used as a quasi-static effector, where the wing shape is changed from one position to another. The aircraft employs a thin-undercambered wing and a skeletal spar structure to achieve wing morphing. Results from a series of ight tests are presented to highlight the effect of the morphing control on the vehicle dynamics. Command and response data analysis indicates a marked change in the vehicle’s handling qualities for different levels of morphing. Additionally, the morphing has been shown to have an effect on ight performance metrics such as climb rate, glide angle, and stall characteristics.