5.3 A 95µW 24MHz digitally controlled crystal oscillator for IoT applications with 36nJ start-up energy and >13× start-up time reduction using a fully-autonomous dynamically-adjusted load
5.3 A 95µW 24MHz digitally controlled crystal oscillator for IoT applications with 36nJ start-up energy and >13× start-up time reduction using a fully-autonomous dynamically-adjusted load
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5.3 适用于物联网应用的 95μW 24MHz 数控晶体振荡器，具有 36nJ 启动能量，使用完全自主的动态调整负载可将启动时间缩短 13 倍以上
DOI：
10.1109/isscc.2017.7870275
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Philips
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Ding;Yao;Yan Zhang;Chuang Lu;P. Zhang;B. Busze;Christian Bachmann;K. Philips
物联网应用(如蓝牙低能量，BLE)中的无线传感器节点(WSN)严重依赖无线收发器的负载循环来降低整体系统功耗[1]。这需要收发器的快速启动行为。晶体振荡器(X0)为PLL生成稳定的参考时钟，以合成载波并为收发机SoC的所有其他部分(例如，ADC和数字基带)导出时钟。由于晶体石英的高品质因数，XO的典型启动时间(Ts)相对较长(∼ms)。这导致具有短数据包格式的高占空比收发器的功率开销非常大(高达30%)，例如，在BLE中，数据包长度短至128µS(图5.3.1)。降低XO的ts是必要的，同时，实现快速启动的电力开销应该最小化，以便降低总体能耗(图5.3.1)。
Wireless sensor nodes (WSN) in IoT applications (e.g., Bluetooth Low Energy, BLE) rely on heavily duty-cycling the wireless transceivers to reduce the overall system power consumption [1]. This requires swift start-up behavior of the transceiver. The crystal oscillator (XO) generates a stable reference clock for the PLL to synthesize a carrier and to derive clocks for all other parts of the transceiver SoC, e.g., ADC and the digital baseband. The typical start-up time (Ts) of an XO is relatively long (∼ms) due to a high quality factor of the crystal quartz. This leads to a significant (up to 30%) power overhead for a highly duty-cycled transceiver with a short packet format, e.g., the packet length is as short as 128µs in BLE (Fig. 5.3.1). A reduction of Ts of the XO is necessary, at the same time, the power overhead to enable a fast start-up should be minimized in order to reduce the overall energy consumption (Fig. 5.3.1).