The effects of COVID-19 pandemic on perceived stress and psychobiosocial states in Italian athletes
The effects of COVID-19 pandemic on perceived stress and psychobiosocial states in Italian athletes
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/1612197x.2020.1802612
复制
发表时间：
2020-08-06
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Bertollo, Maurizio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
di Fronso, Selenia;Costa, Sergio;Bertollo, Maurizio
意大利是受新冠肺炎危机影响最大的国家之一，对世界体育界产生了不利影响。在这项探索性研究中，我们检查了意大利运动员在新冠肺炎危机期间感受到的压力和功能/功能失调的心理生物社会状态，将当前的评估分数与大流行前收集的数据进行了比较。还考察了性别、运动(即个人运动与团队运动)和竞技水平(精英/专家运动员与新手运动员)的差异。在意大利禁赛开始一个月后，对1132名竞技运动员进行了知觉应激量表和心理生物社会状态量表的测试。新冠肺炎期间收集的数据与大流行爆发前收集的数据相比，显示出中到大影响大小的极显著差异。研究结果表明，新冠肺炎危机增加了运动员的感知压力和功能失调的心理生物社会状态，而降低了功能心理生物社会状态。方差分析显示，性别在感知压力和两种类型的心理生物社会状态上存在显著差异，以及竞争水平在感知压力和功能性心理生物社会状态上存在显著差异。具体地说，女性报告了比男性更高的感知压力和功能失调的心理生物社会状态得分，以及更低的功能性心理生物社会状态得分。与新手运动员相比，精英/专家运动员报告了更低的感受到的压力和更高的功能性心理社会状态得分。从实际的角度来看，应将大流行病危机期间的训练方案和健康行为作为健康和福祉的标准习惯引入。应鼓励对妇女和新手运动员实施特定的福利协议。
Italy was one of the most impacted countries by the COVID-19 crisis, with detrimental effects on the world of sports. In this exploratory study, we examined Italian athletes' perceived stress and functional/dysfunctional psychobiosocial states during the COVID-19 crisis, comparing current assessment scores with data collected prior to the pandemic. Differences by gender, sport (i.e., individual vs team sport), and competitive level (elite/expert vs novice athletes) were also examined. The perceived stress scale and the psychobiosocial states scale were administered to 1132 competitive athletes about one month after the beginning of Italian lockdown. The comparison between the data collected during COVID-19 with the data collected before the pandemic outbreak revealed highly significant differences with medium to large effects sizes. Findings suggest that the COVID-19 crisis increased athletes' perceived stress and dysfunctional psychobiosocial states, while decreased functional psychobiosocial states. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences by gender on perceived stress and both types of psychobiosocial states, as well as by competitive level on perceived stress and functional psychobiosocial states. Specifically, women reported higher perceived stress and dysfunctional psychobiosocial states scores than men, and lower functional psychobiosocial states scores. Elite/expert athletes reported lower perceived stress and higher functional psychobiosocial states scores than novice athletes. From a practical point of view, training regimens and healthy behaviours during pandemic crises should be introduced as standard habits for health and well-being. The application of specific well-being protocols for women and novice athletes should be encouraged.