The inheritance of the killer character in yeast.
The inheritance of the killer character in yeast.
复制标题
酵母杀手性格的遗传。
DOI：
10.1017/s0016672300002743
复制
发表时间：
1969
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
E. Bevan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. M. Somers;E. Bevan
1.在所有组合中进行了杀菌、中性和敏感酵母菌株之间的第一代和第二代杂交。2.分析结果表明，杀手性状受两种细胞质遗传决定因素的控制。一种类型，(K)，决定杀戮，另一种，(N)，中立。这两种决定因素的缺失(O)赋予了敏感的表型。3.这两种类型的细胞质决定基因都需要相同的显性核等位基因M来维持，这从两个方面得到了证明。首先，当核基因从M变为m时，这两种类型都会丢失。其次，m(K)或m(N)型细胞已被证明分别出现在由mm(K)和mm(N)二倍体孢子形成的第一批形成的细胞中，它们不能保持其细胞质决定簇。另一方面，来自这些相同二倍体的M(K)和M(N)基因型的孢子培养继续保持决定因素。4.因此，杀伤细胞的基因类型为M(K)，中性基因为M(N)，敏感性基因为M(O)或m(O)。5.通过适当的杂交获得了保持两种细胞质决定簇类型(即M(K)(N)或M−(K)(N))的细胞，并且表现为杀手表型。6.讨论了解释这一遗传分析结果的替代假设。
1. First- and second-generation crosses between killer, neutral and sensitive strains of yeast have been carried out in all combinations. 2. The results of this analysis indicated that the killer character is under the control of two types of cytoplasmic genetic determinant. One type, (k), determines killing, and the other, (n), neutrality. The absence, (o), of both types of determinants confers the sensitive phenotype. 3. That both types of cytoplasmic determinant require the same dominant nuclear allele, M , for their maintenance has been indicated in two ways. First, both types are lost when the nuclear genotype is changed from M to m . Secondly, cells of genotype m (k) or m (n), which have been shown to occur among the first formed cells arising from spores of Mm (k) and Mm (n) diploids respectively, are unable to maintain their cytoplasmic determinants. On the other hand, spore cultures of M (k) and M (n) genotype derived from these same diploide continue to maintain the determinants. 4. Thus genotype of killer cells is M (k), of neutrals M (n), and of sensitivities either M (o) or m (o). 5. Cells maintaining both types of cytoplasmic determinant (i.e. of genotype M (k)(n) or M −(k)(n)) have been obtained by appropriate crosses, and shown to be of killer phenotype. 6. Alternative hypotheses to account for the results of this genetic analysis have been discussed.