How to increase value and reduce waste when research priorities are set
How to increase value and reduce waste when research priorities are set
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DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(13)62229-1
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发表时间：
2014-01-11
期刊：
影响因子：
168.9
通讯作者：
Oliver, Sandy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chalmers, Iain;Bracken, Michael B.;Oliver, Sandy
2010年，全球生物医学研究的年度投资达到2400亿美元，这为患者和公众带来了重要的健康红利。然而，许多研究并没有带来有价值的成就，部分原因是一些研究是为了提高对可能与人类健康无关的基本机制的理解。此外，好的研究想法往往不会产生预期的结果。只要这些想法在研究中被优先考虑的方式是透明的，有理由的，这些失望就不应该被视为浪费;它们只是科学工作方式的一个不可避免的特征。然而，有些废物的来源是不合理的。在本报告中，我们讨论了如何在确定研究优先事项时考虑可避免的浪费。我们有四项建议。首先，应该研究如何提高基础研究的产量。其次，资助者对重要的不确定性进行优先排序的过程应该增加透明度，明确他们如何考虑研究的潜在用户的需求。第三，在投资额外研究之前，应始终对现有证据进行系统评估。第四，研究人员应加强、开发和利用正在进行的研究的信息来源。研究资助者对减少因决定做什么研究而产生的浪费负有主要责任。
The increase in annual global investment in biomedical research-reaching US$240 billion in 2010-has resulted in important health dividends for patients and the public. However, much research does not lead to worthwhile achievements, partly because some studies are done to improve understanding of basic mechanisms that might not have relevance for human health. Additionally, good research ideas often do not yield the anticipated results. As long as the way in which these ideas are prioritised for research is transparent and warranted, these disappointments should not be deemed wasteful; they are simply an inevitable feature of the way science works. However, some sources of waste cannot be justified. In this report, we discuss how avoidable waste can be considered when research priorities are set. We have four recommendations. First, ways to improve the yield from basic research should be investigated. Second, the transparency of processes by which funders prioritise important uncertainties should be increased, making clear how they take account of the needs of potential users of research. Third, investment in additional research should always be preceded by systematic assessment of existing evidence. Fourth, sources of information about research that is in progress should be strengthened and developed and used by researchers. Research funders have primary responsibility for reductions in waste resulting from decisions about what research to do.