Defining ecologically relevant water quality targets for lakes in Europe
Defining ecologically relevant water quality targets for lakes in Europe
复制标题
制定欧洲湖泊生态相关水质目标
DOI：
10.1111/1365-2664.12228
复制
发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
J. Wichelen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Poikane;R. Portielje;M. Berg;G. Phillips;S. Brucet;L. Carvalho;U. Mischke;I. Ott;H. Soszka;J. Wichelen
摘要1.《水框架指令》的实施要求欧盟成员国建立和协调生物质量要素的生态状况等级界限。在本文中，我们描述了一种方法来定义生态类边界，划定湖泊生态系统功能的变化，因此，在欧洲的水政策提供了生态意义的目标。2.我们从9个中欧国家收集了810个湖泊年的大量数据，并使用了浮游植物叶绿素a，这是一种广泛用于衡量湖泊富营养化影响的指标。我们的方法建立叶绿素a目标值与富营养化的三个重要生态效应：水生植物的衰退，潜在有害的蓝藻的优势和主要功能开关从清澈的水到浑浊的状态。3.中欧低地两种最常见的湖泊类型的叶绿素a浓度阈值范围如下：对于中等深度的湖泊（平均深度为3-15米），最大的生态变化发生在10-12 l gL？1叶绿素a的范围内，对于浅水湖泊（平均深度<3米），在21-23 l gL？1叶绿素a的范围内。4.合成与应用。我们的研究为确定湖泊的生态状况提供了等级界限，这对湖泊功能具有强有力的生态后果，因此为欧洲的可持续水管理提供了强有力且客观的目标。研究结果得到了所有参与成员国的认可，并在欧盟委员会立法中获得通过，这标志着国际水政策首次尝试从物理化学质量标准转向基于生态的统一质量目标。
Summary 1. The implementation of the Water Framework Directive requires EU member states to establish and harmonize ecological status class boundaries for biological quality elements. In this paper, we describe an approach for defining ecological class boundaries that delineates shifts in lake ecosystem functioning and, therefore, provides ecologically meaningful targets for water policy in Europe. 2. We collected an extensive data set of 810 lake-years from nine Central European countries, and we used phytoplankton chlorophyll a, a metric widely used to measure the impact of eutrophication in lakes. Our approach establishes chlorophyll a target values in relation to three significant ecological effects of eutrophication: the decline of aquatic macrophytes, the dominance of potentially harmful cyanobacteria and the major functional switch from a clear water to a turbid state. 3. Ranges of threshold chlorophyll a concentrations are given for the two most common lake types in lowland Central Europe: for moderately deep lakes (mean depth 3–15 m), the greatest ecological shifts occur in the range 10–12 l gL � 1 chlorophyll a, and for shallow lakes (<3 m mean depth), in the range 21–23 l gL � 1 chlorophyll a. 4. Synthesis and applications. Our study provides class boundaries for determining the ecological status of lakes, which have robust ecological consequences for lake functioning and which, therefore, provide strong and objective targets for sustainable water management in Europe. The results have been endorsed by all participant member states and adopted in the European Commission legislation, marking the first attempt in international water policy to move from physico-chemical quality standards to harmonized ecologically based quality targets.