ON THE ROAD TO HEALTH - ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN PACIFIC SOCIETIES - THE CASE OF NIUE-ISLAND, WESTERN POLYNESIA
ON THE ROAD TO HEALTH - ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN PACIFIC SOCIETIES - THE CASE OF NIUE-ISLAND, WESTERN POLYNESIA
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DOI：
10.1002/ajhb.1310050110
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发表时间：
1993-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
BARKER, JC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BARKER, JC
报告审查了太平洋社会的道路交通事故，并提出了一项案例研究。关于太平洋区域贸易协定的数据很少。现有的数据一般质量差，具体性差，几乎没有适当的风险衡量标准。尽管如此，机动车辆事故显然是整个太平洋地区相当大的死亡率和发病率的原因。大多数太平洋社会的机动化程度较低，车辆死亡率较高，但人口死亡率较低。然而，当机动化达到较高水平时，RTA的伤亡开始对人口结构、社会经济和家庭经济产生影响。使用档案和人种学证据，考试是由社会文化背景下的机动车使用，道路使用者的行为，和RTA发生在纽埃岛，一个国家的高度机动化。摩托车是纽埃的首选交通方式。影响机动车事故率的文化价值观和行为包括夸大的冒险行为，特别是年轻成年男性。酒精在驾驶和其他危险行为中起着重要作用。这种行为不仅出现在纽埃，也出现在其他太平洋国家。在这些小规模社会中，有效地监测机动车碰撞以及道路和交通发展的影响至关重要。为了减少持续机动化和区域贸易协定的短期和长期后果，需要开展文化上适当的“道路规则”和驾驶员教育运动，执行交通条例，改善公路，发展安全的公共交通系统。
Road traffic accidents (RTAs) in Pacific societies in general are examined and a case study presented. There is a paucity of data on Pacific RTAs. Available data are generally poor in quality and specificity, with few adequate measures of risk. Despite this, it is clear that motor vehicle accidents are responsible for considerable mortality and morbidity throughout the Pacific. Most Pacific societies are in a state of low motorization and are experiencing high vehicle fatality rates but low population fatality rates. When motorization reaches a higher level, however, RTA deaths and injuries begin to have an impact on population structure and on societal as well as family economies. Using archival and ethnographic evidence, examination is made of the sociocultural context of motor vehicle use, roaduser behavior, and RTA occurrence on Niue Island, a nation with a high degree of motorization. Motorcycles are the preferred mode of transport on Niue. Cultural values and behaviors that affect motor vehicle accident rates include exaggerated risk-taking, especially by young adult males. Alcohol plays a significant role in driving and other risky behaviors. Such behavior appears not just on Niue but in other Pacific nations also. It is vital to effectively monitor motor vehicle collisions and the effects of road and traffic development in these small scale societies. Culturally appropriate ''road rules'' and driver education campaigns, enforcement of traffic ordinances, highway improvement, and the development of safe public transport systems will be needed in order to reduce both short-term and long-term consequences of continued motorization and RTAs.