Shark bycatch and depredation in the US Atlantic pelagic longline fishery
Shark bycatch and depredation in the US Atlantic pelagic longline fishery
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s11160-008-9084-z
复制
发表时间：
2008-11-01
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Lagueux, Kerry M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mandelman, John W.;Cooper, Peter W.;Lagueux, Kerry M.
中上层延绳钓（PLL）渔业中鲨鱼的非目标兼捕是对全球鲨鱼种群造成危害的潜在来源。此外，鲨鱼兼捕和掠夺（对渔具、鱼饵和渔获物造成的损害）使鲨鱼和其他鱼种的管理复杂化，并可能损害远洋延绳钓业的业务和经济利益。因此，推断减少鲨鱼相互作用的方法符合多个利益相关者群体的最佳利益。然而，在这样做之前，必须更好地了解这些相互作用的程度、原因和影响。在这次审查中，我们解决或进行以下与美国有关的问题。S.大西洋、墨西哥湾和加勒比海PLL渔业：（1）美国; S.（2）大西洋中与PLL捕捞有关的主要鱼种和历史鲨鱼捕获量数据;（3）该渔业中鲨鱼捕获量数据的两个主要来源之间特定区域鲨鱼鱼种捕获量记录的历史比较;（4）决定该渔业中鲨鱼相互作用的条件和动态，以及减少这些相互作用的潜在方法;（5）相对于大西洋其他渔业，这种渔业对鲨鱼种群的估计影响的综合。正如在其他PLL渔业中所发现的那样，大青鲨（Prionace glauca）显然是大西洋这种渔业中最常遇到的鲨鱼物种，在本审查中受到大多数关注。联合S.在鲨鱼物种多样性相对较高的管理区，不同数据来源（中上层观察员方案与强制性中上层日志数据库）之间的历史鲨鱼物种多样性组成差异更大;这使得在这些地区得出哪些物种受PLL捕捞影响最大的结论的能力变得复杂。美国目前的捕鱼努力。S.与非美国船队在大西洋以鲨鱼为目标的PLL捕捞相比，PLL船队规模较小，因此对大西洋鲨鱼种群的稳定性构成的威胁相对较小。然而，在美国，偶然的鲨鱼遭遇是不可避免的。S.大西洋PLL捕鱼业务。因此，更好地了解这些相互作用的程度和条件，并探讨减少其发生的方法以及导致鲨鱼意外死亡率较高的那些方面，符合大西洋所有利益攸关方的最佳利益。
The non-target bycatch of sharks in pelagic longline (PLL) fisheries represents a potential source of compromise to shark populations worldwide. Moreover, shark bycatch and depredation (damage inflicted on gear, bait, and catch) complicates management of sharks and other species, and can undermine the operations and financial interests of the pelagic longline industry. Thus, deducing means to reduce shark interactions is in the best interest of multiple stakeholder groups. Prior to doing so, however, the extent, cause and effect of these interactions must be better understood. In this review we address or conduct the following in relation to the U. S. Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean PLL fishery: ( 1) U. S. management governing shark interactions in the Atlantic; ( 2) the primary species encountered and historical shark catch data associated with PLL fishing in the Atlantic; ( 3) a historical comparison of area-specific shark species catch records between the two primary sources of shark catch data in this fishery; ( 4) the conditions and dynamics that dictate shark interactions in this fishery, and potential means to reduce these interactions, and; ( 5) a synthesis of the estimated impacts of this fishery on shark populations relative to other fisheries in the Atlantic. As has been found in other PLL fisheries, the blue shark (Prionace glauca) is clearly the shark species most commonly encountered in this fishery in the Atlantic, and receives the majority of attention in this review. U. S. management areas with high relative shark species diversities had a greater divergence in historical shark species percent-compositions between data sources (Pelagic Observer Program versus mandatory pelagic Logbook databases); this complicates the ability to conclude which species are most impacted by PLL fishing in those areas. The current fishing effort by the U. S. PLL fleet is small compared to that of PLL fishing targeting sharks in the Atlantic by non-U.S. fleets, and therefore poses a comparatively lower threat to the stability of Atlantic shark populations. However, incidental shark encounters are inevitable in U. S. Atlantic PLL fishing operations. Thus, it is in the best interest of all stakeholders in the Atlantic to better understand the extent and conditions governing these interactions, and to explore methods to reduce both their occurrence and those aspects leading to higher rates of incidental shark mortality.