Anatomical Distance Affects Functional Connectivity in Patients With Schizophrenia and Their Siblings
Anatomical Distance Affects Functional Connectivity in Patients With Schizophrenia and Their Siblings
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解剖距离影响精神分裂症患者及其兄弟姐妹的功能连接
DOI：
10.1093/schbul/sbt163
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发表时间：
2014-03-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Feng, Jianfeng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guo, Shuixia;Palaniyappan, Lena;Feng, Jianfeng
背景资料：人类大脑的效率取决于长距离和短距离连接的完整性，但需要惩罚长距离连接以降低整体布线成本。该原理被称为解剖距离函数（ADF），是指解剖距离和连接性之间存在反比关系。正常青春期的一个重要发展特征是ADF的减弱，其特征是长距离连接的选择性加强。精神分裂症与广泛的连接障碍有关，这种连接障碍与异常的皮层发育有关。方法：我们研究了成年精神分裂症患者（n 28），他们的年龄匹配的兄弟姐妹（n 28）和健康对照组（n 60）的ADF。我们调查了涉及半球间、皮层下、额叶和显著网络区域的长程连接的比例异常，并定位了显示精神分裂症最显著变化的连接。使用机器学习算法，根据短距离和长距离连接性对各组进行区分。结果：患者及其兄弟姐妹均表现出异常明显的ADF。这与长距离连接的数量不成比例地减少有关，影响了皮层下、半球间和显著性网络连接。长距离连接的异常具有上级准确识别群体成员的能力。结论：在正常青春期变得明显的大脑结构的一个重要组织原则在精神分裂症中受到干扰。虽然兄弟姐妹显示出一些证据，补偿这种缺陷，患者缺乏公认的代偿性变化。ADF中的ESTA相关的转变提供了一个解释框架，为精神分裂症遗传风险影响的广泛的连接障碍的发展出现。
Background: The efficiency of human brain depends on the integrity of both long- and short-range connections, but the long-range connections need to be penalized to reduce overall wiring costs. This principle, termed as the anatomical distance function (ADF), refers to the presence of an inverse relationship between anatomical distance and connectivity. A crucial developmental feature that occurs in normal adolescence is the weakening of ADF, which is characterized by a selective strengthening of long-distance connections. Schizophrenia is associated with widespread dysconnectivity that is linked to aberrant cortical development. Methods: We studied the ADF in adults with schizophrenia (n 28), their age-matched siblings (n 28), and healthy controls (n 60). We investigated the proportional abnormalities in the long-range connections involving interhemispheric, subcortical, frontal, and salience network regions and localized the connections showing most significant changes in schizophrenia. The groups were discriminated on the basis of short- and long-range connectivity using a machine-learning algorithm. Results: Both patients and their siblings showed abnormally pronounced ADF. This was associated with a disproportionate reduction in the number of long-range connections, affecting the subcortical, interhemispheric, and the salience network connections. The abnormalities in long-range connections had superior ability to accurately identify group membership. Conclusions: A crucial organizing principle of the brain architecture that becomes apparent during normal adolescence is disturbed in schizophrenia. While siblings show some evidence of compensating for this deficit, patients lack putative compensatory changes. Age-related shift in ADF provides an explanatory framework for the developmental emergence of widespread dysconnectivity that is influenced by genetic risk in schizophrenia.