DECISION-MAKING IN ALTERED STATES - EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL ON ATTITUDES TOWARD DRINKING AND DRIVING
DECISION-MAKING IN ALTERED STATES - EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL ON ATTITUDES TOWARD DRINKING AND DRIVING
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.68.6.973
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发表时间：
1995-06-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
FONG, GT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MACDONALD, TK;ZANNA, MP;FONG, GT
一项实验室实验和2项现场研究验证了酒精影响对酒后驾驶的态度和意图的假设。清醒和醉酒的参与者完成了一份问卷调查，评估他们在许多情况下酒后驾车的态度和意图。结果表明，当被问到一般或非偶然的问题时，清醒和醉酒的参与者对这种行为同样持否定态度。然而，当问题中包含偶然性时（例如，“你会酒后驾车吗？”），醉酒的参与者对饮酒和驾驶的负面影响明显减少。这些结果与酒精性近视（C。M. Steele和R. A. Josephs，1990）-酒精中毒降低认知能力的概念，使人们更有可能只注意最突出的线索。
A laboratory experiment and 2 field studies tested the hypothesis that alcohol affects attitudes and intentions toward drinking and driving. Sober and intoxicated participants completed a questionnaire assessing their attitudes and intentions to drink and drive in a number of situations. Results indicated that when asked general or noncontingent questions, sober and intoxicated participants were equally negative about this behavior. However, when a contingency was embedded in the question (e.g., ''would you drink and drive only a short distance?''), intoxicated participants were significantly less negative about drinking and driving. These results are consistent with alcohol myopia (C. M. Steele and R. A. Josephs, 1990)-the notion that alcohol intoxication decreases cognitive capacity so that people are more likely to attend to only the most salient cues.