The Nature and Neural Correlates of Semantic Association versus Conceptual Similarity.
The Nature and Neural Correlates of Semantic Association versus Conceptual Similarity.
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhv003
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发表时间：
2015-11
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Lambon Ralph MA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jackson RL;Hoffman P;Pobric G;Lambon Ralph MA
表征概念及其之间关系的能力对人类认知至关重要。大脑如何编码共享基本概念属性的项目之间的关系（例如，狗和狼）同时表示在特定上下文中共同出现的不同项目之间的关联链接（例如，狗和骨头）。为了澄清这些语义成分在神经系统完整的参与者的神经基础，这两种类型的语义关系进行了调查，在fMRI研究优化前颞叶（ATL）的覆盖范围。明确的主要发现是，当参与者根据联想或概念相似性做出语义判断时，相同的核心语义网络（ATL，上级颞叶沟，腹侧前额叶皮层）被等同地参与。直接比较显示，概念相似性>关联决策（例如，下前额叶皮层）和联想>概念相似性（例如，腹顶叶皮层），这似乎反映了任务难度的分级差异。事实上，一旦反应时间作为协变量输入分析，就不再存在关联与类别差异。本文最后讨论了如何在一个单一的，统一的语义系统中表示分类/基于特征的和关联的关系。
The ability to represent concepts and the relationships between them is critical to human cognition. How does the brain code relationships between items that share basic conceptual properties (e.g., dog and wolf) while simultaneously representing associative links between dissimilar items that co-occur in particular contexts (e.g., dog and bone)? To clarify the neural bases of these semantic components in neurologically intact participants, both types of semantic relationship were investigated in an fMRI study optimized for anterior temporal lobe (ATL) coverage. The clear principal finding was that the same core semantic network (ATL, superior temporal sulcus, ventral prefrontal cortex) was equivalently engaged when participants made semantic judgments on the basis of association or conceptual similarity. Direct comparisons revealed small, weaker differences for conceptual similarity > associative decisions (e.g., inferior prefrontal cortex) and associative > conceptual similarity (e.g., ventral parietal cortex) which appear to reflect graded differences in task difficulty. Indeed, once reaction time was entered as a covariate into the analysis, no associative versus category differences remained. The paper concludes with a discussion of how categorical/feature-based and associative relationships might be represented within a single, unified semantic system.