Focal problem teaching in medical education.
Focal problem teaching in medical education.
复制标题
医学教育中的焦点问题教学.
DOI：
10.1097/00001888-197306000-00005
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发表时间：
1973
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. M. Jones
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Ways;G. Loftus;J. M. Jones
本文介绍了一种创新的医学教学方法--焦点问题教学法，它能自然地引入临床经验。这种形式直接模拟了医学实践中的问题解决特征，以明确培养医学问题解决的技能，同时为传递相关信息和概念提供了现实的背景。它既不是以学科为中心，也不是以器官系统为基础，而是围绕着医生面临的问题组织起来。它采用小组学习形式，提供机会发展沟通，互动，自我和同行评价的技能。教师为每个问题制定具体目标，计划和监督问题的讨论，并安排适当的学习材料。通过测试问题来评估学生的表现和计划提供了在临床或实践环境中表现能力的数据。医学教育的目标和责任是为学生实践医学做好准备。一个重要的学习原则--教育环境应该尽可能地接近学习的环境--最好通过一种模拟现实环境的重要特征并接近医学专业人员所认可的环境和内容的形式应用于医学教育。
This article describes an innovative method of teaching and learning in medical cducation, the Focal Problem Teaching Method, which provides a natural intro-duction to clinical experience. This format directly simulates the problem-solving character of medical practice in order to explicitly cultivate the skills of mcdical problem-solving while simultaneously providing a realistic context for transmitting relevant information and concepts. It is neither discipline-centered nor organ-system based but rather organized around problems which face the medical practitioner. It employs a small-group learning format which provides the opportunity to develop skills of communication, interaction, self-and peer-evaluation. Faculty develop specific objectives for each problem, plan and supervise the discussion of problems, and arrange appropriate study materials. Evaluation of student performance and program through test problems provides data on ability to perform in the clinical or practice setting.The goal and responsibility of medical education is to prepare students to practice nedicine. An important learning principle—the educational setting should be as closc as possiblc to the setting in which learning is to be used—is best applied in medical education by a format which simulates the important characteristics of the reality setting and closely approximates the types of circumstances and content encountcred by medical professionals (l).