Developmental microbial ecology of the neonatal gastrointestinal tract
Developmental microbial ecology of the neonatal gastrointestinal tract
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DOI：
10.1093/ajcn/69.5.1035s
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发表时间：
1999-05-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Gaskins, HR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mackie, RI;Sghir, A;Gaskins, HR
正常胎儿的胃肠道是无菌的。在出生过程中及此后不久，来自母亲和周围环境的微生物会在婴儿的胃肠道中定植，直到形成密集、复杂的微生物群。肠道微生物的演替在早期发育中最为明显，在此期间，喂养模式从母乳喂养转变为配方喂养，再到断奶，再到引入固体食物。胃肠道微生物群、宿主生理学和饮食之间存在动态平衡，直接影响肠道生态系统的初始获得、发育演替和最终稳定性。在这篇综述中，肠道菌群的发展讨论了在人类婴儿的细菌的初始收购和随后的继承。讨论了影响继承的内在和外在因素及其健康意义。现代分子生态学技术的优势，提供敏感和特异性，培养的胃肠道生态系统的独立评价进行了简要介绍和讨论。我们对新生儿胃肠道发育微生物生态学的进一步了解依赖于这些现代分子技术的应用。
The gastrointestinal tract of a normal fetus is sterile. During the birth process and rapidly thereafter, microbes from the mother and surrounding environment colonize the gastrointestinal tract of the infant until a dense, complex microbiota develops. The succession of microbes colonizing the intestinal tract is most marked in early development, during which the feeding mode shifts from breast-feeding to formula feeding to weaning to the introduction of solid food. Dynamic balances exist between the gastrointestinal microbiota, host physiology, and diet that directly influence the initial acquisition, developmental succession, and eventual stability of the gut ecosystem. In this review, the development of the intestinal microbiota is discussed in terms of initial acquisition and subsequent succession of bacteria in human infants. Intrinsic and extrinsic factors influencing succession and their health significance are discussed. The advantages of modern molecular ecology techniques that provide sensitive and specific, culture-independent evaluation of the gastroinrestinal ecosystem are introduced and discussed briefly. Further advances in our understanding of developmental microbial ecology in the neonatal gastrointestinal tract are dependent on the application of these modern molecular techniques.