Perinatal group B streptococcal disease
Perinatal group B streptococcal disease
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2007.01.003
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发表时间：
2007-06-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Schuchat, Anne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heath, Paul T.;Schuchat, Anne
B群链球菌（GBS）是新生儿败血症和脑膜炎的主要原因。尽管对感染gbs的新生儿进行了最佳治疗，但它与显著的发病率和死亡率相关，需要采取预防策略。由于疾病发生迅速，并且通常在出生时或出生后12小时内就很明显，因此必须在分娩前给予抗生素，如果给予足够早且剂量正确，它们将预防大多数早发性吉兰-巴雷综合征病例。因此，预防工作掌握在产科医生和助产士手中。分娩受感染婴儿风险较高的妇女可以通过以下两种策略之一来确定：存在一种或多种临床风险因素，或者在妊娠后期获得的阴道/直肠下部拭子上存在GBS。使用哪种策略取决于许多因素。以棉签为基础的方法似乎更有效，但可能导致更多的抗生素暴露。
Group B streptococcus (GBS) is the leading cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis. Despite optimal treatment of GBS-infected neonates it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, and prevention strategies are required. As disease occurs rapidly, and is often evident at birth or within 12 hours of birth, antibiotics must be given prior to delivery, and when administered early enough, and at the correct doses, they will prevent the majority of early-onset GBS cases. Prevention is therefore in the hands of obstetricians and midwives. Women at higher risk of delivering infected infants can be identified through one of two strategies: the presence of one or more clinical risk factors, or the presence of GBS on lower vaginal/rectal swabs obtained late in pregnancy. Decisions on which strategy to use will depend on a number of factors. A swab-based approach appears to have higher efficacy but is likely to lead to more antibiotic exposure.