The frequencies and disparities of adverse childhood experiences in the US
The frequencies and disparities of adverse childhood experiences in the US
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DOI：
10.1186/s12889-020-09411-z
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发表时间：
2020-09-10
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Hubach, Randolph D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Giano, Zachary;Wheeler, Denna L.;Hubach, Randolph D.
背景 童年时期经历的逆境会在一生中产生有害影响。本研究使用迄今为止最全面、地域多样化的样本提供了 ACE 的更新频率估计。方法 通过 BRFSS（行为风险因素监测系统）收集 ACE 数据。分析了 34 个州总共 211,376 名成年人的数据。 ACEs 调查由 8 个领域组成：身体/情感/性虐待、家庭精神疾病、家庭物质使用、家庭家庭暴力、被监禁的家庭成员以及父母分居/离婚。计算每个域的频率并求和得出平均 ACE 分数。研究结果按人口变量进行加权和分层。通过后估计 F 检验评估组间差异。结果 大多数人经历过至少 1 次 ACE (57.8%)，其中 21.5% 经历过 3 次以上 ACE。 F 检验显示女性的 ACE 显着高于男性（1.64 至 1.46）。多种族个体的 ACE（2.39）显着高于所有其他种族/民族，而白人的平均 ACE 得分（1.53）显着低于黑人（1.66）或西班牙裔（1.63）个体。 25 至 34 岁年龄组的平均 ACE 评分显着高于任何其他组 (1.98)。一般来说，收入/教育程度较高的人的平均 ACE 分数低于收入/教育程度较低的人。性少数群体的 ACE 高于异性恋个体，双性恋个体的 ACE 显着更高 (3.01)。结论 研究结果强调，童年时期的逆境在整个社会人口中都很常见，但在某些类别中比例更高。识别具有较高 ACE 的高危人群对于改善整个生命周期的健康结果和成就至关重要。
Background Adversity experienced during childhood manifests deleteriously across the lifespan. This study provides updated frequency estimates of ACEs using the most comprehensive and geographically diverse sample to date. Methods ACEs data were collected via BRFSS (Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System). Data from a total of 211,376 adults across 34 states were analyzed. The ACEs survey is comprised of 8 domains: physical/emotional/sexual abuse, household mental illness, household substance use, household domestic violence, incarcerated household member, and parental separation/divorce. Frequencies were calculated for each domain and summed to derive mean ACE scores. Findings were weighted and stratified by demographic variables. Group differences were assessed by post-estimation F-tests. Results Most individuals experienced at least one ACE (57.8%) with 21.5% experiencing 3+ ACEs. F-tests showed females had significantly higher ACEs than males (1.64 to 1.46). Multiracial individuals had a significantly higher ACEs (2.39) than all other races/ethnicities, while White individuals had significantly lower mean ACE scores (1.53) than Black (1.66) or Hispanic (1.63) individuals. The 25-to-34 age group had a significantly higher mean ACE score than any other group (1.98). Generally, those with higher income/educational attainment had lower mean ACE scores than those with lower income/educational attainment. Sexual minority individuals had higher ACEs than straight individuals, with significantly higher ACEs in bisexual individuals (3.01). Conclusion Findings highlight that childhood adversity is common across sociodemographic, yet higher in certain categories. Identifying at-risk populations for higher ACEs is essential to improving the health outcomes and attainment across the lifespan.