Prevalence of the human immunodeficiency virus among university students.
Prevalence of the human immunodeficiency virus among university students.
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大学生中人类免疫缺陷病毒的流行情况。
DOI：
10.1056/nejm199011293232206
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发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Curran
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Gayle;R. Keeling;Miguel Garcia;B. Kilbourne;J. P. Narkunas;F. Ingram;M. Rogers;J. Curran
背景和方法
为了估计大学生中人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)流行的规模，我们在全美19所大学进行了一项盲目的HIV血清阳性调查。在参与机构的学生健康中心对为常规医疗目的收集的血液进行了艾滋病毒抗体检测。在每个校区，连续采集250至1000份血液样本，采用酶联免疫吸附试验和Western印迹分析进行HIV抗体检测。未识别的人口统计数据与测试结果联系在一起。
结果
在样本中的16,863个样本中，30个(0.2%)的艾滋病毒抗体呈阳性。19所学校中有9所学校的标本呈阳性。所有人都来自18岁以上的学生；19人(63%)来自24岁以上的学生。在30名受感染的学生中，除2人外，其余都是男性。男性的血清阳性率为0.5%(95%可信区间为0.3%至0.7%)，女性为0.02%(95%可信区间为0.002至0.066)。血清阳性率随着年龄的增长而增加--从18至24岁学生的0.08%(95%可信区间，0.04至0.15)增加到40岁及以上学生的1.0%(95%可信区间，0.2至2.9)。
结论
美国大学校园中存在艾滋病毒感染，尽管这一比例似乎远远低于已知的高危人群。然而，显然存在艾滋病毒感染在这一人群中进一步传播的可能性，需要采取预防措施。
BACKGROUND AND METHODS
To estimate the magnitude of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic among university students, we conducted a blinded HIV-seroprevalence survey at 19 universities throughout the United States. HIV-antibody testing was performed on blood collected for routine medical purposes at the student health centers of the participating institutions. At each campus, from 250 to 1000 blood specimens were collected consecutively and tested for HIV antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot analysis. Nonidentifying demographic data were linked with the test results.
RESULTS
Of 16,863 specimens in the sample, 30 (0.2 percent) were positive for antibodies to HIV. Positive specimens were found at 9 of the 19 schools. All were from students over 18 years old; 19 (63 percent) were from students over 24. All but 2 of the 30 infected students were men. The seroprevalence rate for men was 0.5 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 0.3 to 0.7), and for women it was 0.02 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 0.002 to 0.066). Seroprevalence increased with age--from 0.08 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 0.04 to 0.15) for students 18 to 24 years old to 1.0 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 0.2 to 2.9) for those 40 or older.
CONCLUSIONS
HIV infection is present on U.S. university campuses, although the rate appears to be far lower than that of populations known to be at high risk. The potential clearly exists, however, for the further spread of HIV infection in this population, and preventive measures are needed.