Extraction Conditions Optimization of Main Organic Acids from Fruits
Extraction Conditions Optimization of Main Organic Acids from Fruits
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发表时间：
2014
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通讯作者：
Pang Rong-l
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作者：
Pang Rong-l
【目的】研究水果中主要有机酸（柠檬酸、酒石酸、苹果酸、琥珀酸）的有效提取方法。【方法】以柑橘、葡萄等水果为试验材料，以乙醇水溶液为提取剂，采用超声波提取法，考察提取对提取剂的影响（乙醇浓度、水提取液与有机酸的比例、不同浓度乙醇提取液、10%乙醇溶出剂对主要有机酸稳定性的影响等）、提取条件(提取方法、对超声波提取时间等因素进行了优化研究。对最佳提取条件的技术参数（检出限、精密度、重复性、准确度）进行了测试。用该方法测定的结果与现行国家标准方法的分析结果进行了比较。【结果】提取水果中有机酸的最佳方法是乙醇超声提取法：用10%乙醇溶液在超声提取器中提取30 min。然后加入硫酸溶液，溶液中所含硫酸浓度与流动一致溶液中所含硫酸浓度相同。最后用乙醇溶液定容，混合过滤。滤液经0.22 μm水膜针式过滤器过滤后进行离子色谱分析。主要有机酸均可完全提取。提取液在自然条件下放置至少15 d，其主要有机酸未转变为乳酸和乙酸。优化后的提取方法精密度高（RSD为0.28% ~ 1.20%）、重复性好（变异系数为0.236% ~ 3.02%(n=5)）、准确度高（回收率为88.9% ~ 101.2%）。该方法中有机酸的测定结果明显高于现行国标结果。【结论】该方法快速、简便、准确、重现性好，适用于水果中主要有机酸含量的测定。
【Objective】This study aimed at investigating an effective extraction method of main organic acids(citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, succinic acid) from fruits.【Method】Using citrus, grapes and other fruits as test materials, the aqueous ethanol solution as the extraction agent, and using ultrasonic extraction method, the effect of extraction on the extraction agent(ethanol concentration, ratio of water extraction and organic acid stability, different concentrations of ethanol extraction, effect of 10% ethanol soluble extractant and the main organic acid stability and so on), extraction conditions(extraction method, ultrasonic extraction time and so on) were studied for optimization. Technical parameters for optimized extraction conditions(the detection limit, precision, repeatability, accuracy) were tested. The measuring results by using this method were compared with analytical results with the existing national standard method.【Result】The suitable method for organic acid extraction in fruits is the ethanol ultrasonic extraction method: Samples were extracted for 30 min with 10% ethanol solution in ultrasonic extractor. Then sulfuric acid solution was added, the concentration of sulfuric acid contained in solution was the same as in flow consistent solution. Finally constant volume was made with ethanol solution, then mixed and filtered. The filtrate was filtered by 0.22 μm aqueous membrane needle filter for ion chromatography analysis. All the main organic acids could be extracted completely. The main organic acids didn't change to lactic acid and acetic acid at least in 15 days when the extract was placed under natural conditions. The optimized extraction method is high precision(RSD 0.28%-1.20%), repeatability(variation coefficient of 0.236%-3.02%(n=5)) and high accuracy(recovery 88.9%-101.2%). The method of organic acids in the determination results was significantly higher than the existing national standard results.【Conclusion】The method was rapid, simple, accurate, reproducible, and suitable for the determination of the contents of main organic acid in fruits.