Performance of Motor Sequences in Children at Heightened vs. Low Risk for ASD: A Longitudinal Study from 18 to 36 Months of Age.
Performance of Motor Sequences in Children at Heightened vs. Low Risk for ASD: A Longitudinal Study from 18 to 36 Months of Age.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00724
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Iverson JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Focaroli V;Taffoni F;Parsons SM;Keller F;Iverson JM
最近的研究表明，运动困难是自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 行为特征的一个重要组成部分，并且在有患有 ASD 的哥哥姐姐（高风险；HR）的婴儿的早期发育中也很明显。据报道，接受和未接受 ASD 最终诊断的 HR 婴儿均出现延误。越来越多的前瞻性研究主要关注生命第一年早期运动技能的出现。然而，迄今为止，检查第二年和第三年运动技能的工作相对较少。因此，本研究旨在纵向调查 18 至 36 个月大的 HR 和 LR（低风险）儿童在物体运输任务中的运动表现。参与者（15 名 HR 儿童和 14 名 LR 儿童）在 18、24 和 36 个月时进行观察。孩子们完成了两项运动任务，即球任务和块任务，每项任务都包括两个根据目标动作的精确度要求而变化的条件。运动数据是通过戴在每个手腕上的两个磁惯性传感器获取的。在块任务中，与 LR 儿童相比，HR 儿童的到达速度更慢（即平均加速度更低）。这一发现与越来越多的证据表明 HR 儿童精细运动技能的早期延迟是一致的，并表明运动表现的脆弱性可能会持续到有自闭症谱系障碍风险的儿童的学龄前。
Recent research shows that motor difficulties are a prominent component of the behavioral profile of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and are also apparent from early in development in infants who have an older sibling with ASD (High Risk; HR). Delays have been reported for HR infants who do and who do not receive an eventual diagnosis of ASD. A growing body of prospective studies has focused on the emergence of early motor skills primarily during the first year of life. To date, however, relatively little work has examined motor skills in the second and third years. Thus, the present research was designed to investigate motor performance in object transport tasks longitudinally in HR and LR (Low Risk) children between the ages of 18 and 36 months. Participants (15 HR children and 14 LR children) were observed at 18, 24, and 36 months. Children completed two motor tasks, the Ball Task and the Block Task, each of which included two conditions that varied in terms of the precision demands of the goal action. Kinematic data were acquired via two magneto inertial sensors worn on each wrist. In the Block Task, HR children reached more slowly (i.e., mean acceleration was lower) compared to LR children. This finding is in line with growing evidence of early delays in fine motor skills in HR children and suggests that vulnerabilities in motor performance may persist into the preschool years in children at risk for ASD.