A common mechanism underlying choice's influence on preference and memory
A common mechanism underlying choice's influence on preference and memory
复制标题
DOI：
10.3758/s13423-019-01650-5
复制
发表时间：
2019-12-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Murty, Vishnu P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DuBrow, Sarah;Eberts, Elizabeth A.;Murty, Vishnu P.
个人对学习的控制会导致更好的记忆结果，但目前还不清楚控制的哪些方面很重要。一个人的能动感可能是一个关键组成部分，但要将其与对环境的影响分开可能是一个挑战。在这里，我们使用了一个范例，在一个条件下的参与者有机会选择之间的线索（选择条件），并在另一个指示的线索选择（固定条件）。因为线索对记忆没有影响，我们可以分离出选择对记忆的影响。参与者还在编码之前和之后对偏好的线索进行评级，使我们能够测试选择线索的次数如何影响其偏好。通过汇集多项行为研究，我们能够使用个体差异方法来研究选择对偏好和记忆的影响之间的关系。重复以前的工作，我们发现，即时和延迟（24小时）识别记忆较高的项目中遇到的选择条件。我们还发现，在选择条件下，被选择的线索往往会增加他们的偏好，但实际上会降低他们在固定条件下的偏好，这表明选择参与了价值相关的过程。至关重要的是，我们发现选择记忆增强与选择诱导的延迟记忆偏好变化之间存在正相关关系，但对即时记忆则不然。这些数据表明，一个共享的价值为基础的机制，提高选择线索和记忆巩固的选择结果的偏好。因此，选择的价值可能在学习增强中发挥重要作用。
Individual control over learning leads to better memory outcomes, yet it is still unclear which aspects of control matter. One's sense of agency could be a key component, but it can be challenging to dissociate it from its consequences on the environment. Here we used a paradigm in which participants in one condition had the opportunity to choose between cues (choice condition) and in another were instructed which cue to select (fixed condition). Because the cues had no effect on the memoranda, we could isolate the effect of choice on memory. Participants also rated the cues for preference before and after encoding, allowing us to test how the number of times a cue was chosen affected its preference. By pooling multiple behavioral studies, we were able to use an individual differences approach to examine the relationship between choice effects on preference and memory. Replicating previous work, we found that immediate and delayed (24-h) recognition memory was higher for items encountered in the choice condition. We also found that cues that were selected more often increased their preference in the choice condition, but actually decreased their preference in the fixed condition, suggesting that choice engaged value-related processes. Critically, we found a positive across-subjects relationship between choice memory enhancements and choice-induced preference change for delayed but not for immediate memory. These data suggest that a shared value-based mechanism enhances preference for choice cues and memory consolidation of the choice outcomes. Thus, the value of choice may play an important role in learning enhancements.