Hindgut specification and cell-adhesion functions of Sphox11/13b in the endoderm of the sea urchin embryo
Hindgut specification and cell-adhesion functions of Sphox11/13b in the endoderm of the sea urchin embryo
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1440-169x.2006.00883.x
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发表时间：
2006-09-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Davidson, Eric H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arenas-Mena, Cesar;Cameron, R. Andrew;Davidson, Eric H.
Sphox 11/13 b是紫球海胆胚胎中表达的两个hox基因之一。它的动态表达模式开始于原肠胚形成期间，此时转录本短暂地位于囊胚孔边缘的细胞环中。原肠胚形成后，表达局限于外胚层和内胚层之间边界的肛门-后肠区域。当Sphox 11/13 b mRNA的翻译被吗啉代反义寡核苷酸（MASO）处理敲低时，所导致的表型表明该基因可能间接参与细胞粘附功能以及中肠-后肠和中肠-前肠括约肌的适当分化。MASO实验还揭示了Sphox 11/13 b负调控几个下游内中胚层基因。对于这些基因中的一些，Sphox 11/13 b功能是通过防止后肠中的异位表达来限制中肠的表达所必需的。这些功能的进化保守性表明后Hox基因在调节细胞粘附以及在区域化肠道中基因调控网络子回路的空间控制中的一般作用。
Sphox11/13b is one of the two hox genes of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus expressed in the embryo. Its dynamic pattern of expression begins during gastrulation, when the transcripts are transiently located in a ring of cells at the edge of the blastopore. After gastrulation, expression is restricted to the anus-hindgut region at the boundary between the ectoderm and the endoderm. The phenotype that results when translation of Sphox11/13b mRNA is knocked down by treatment with morpholino antisense oligonucleotides (MASO) suggests that this gene may be indirectly involved in cell adhesion functions as well as in the proper differentiation of the midgut-hindgut and midgut-foregut sphincters. The MASO experiments also reveal that Sphox11/13b negatively regulates several downstream endomesoderm genes. For some of these genes, Sphox11/13b function is required to restrict expression to the midgut by preventing ectopic expression in the hindgut. The evolutionary conservation of these functions indicates the general roles of posterior Hox genes in regulating cell-adhesion, as well as in spatial control of gene regulatory network subcircuits in the regionalizing gut.