Definitions, models, and methods in research on sociocultural factors in American Indian alcohol use.
Definitions, models, and methods in research on sociocultural factors in American Indian alcohol use.
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美洲印第安人饮酒社会文化因素研究的定义、模型和方法。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Kivlahan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. D. Walker;D. Kivlahan
本文对研究人员在研究社会文化对饮酒习惯和问题的影响时应考虑的定义、概念模型和方法问题进行了批判性讨论。特别是，这些担忧与对美洲印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民的研究有关。为了避免过于笼统的解释性陈述，建议努力研究文化、酗酒和“印度性”等定义松散的术语的更具体方面。这一领域的研究可以有效地以在主流文化中开发和研究的简约概念模型为指导；然而，在一个群体内观察到的关系在多大程度上推广到另一个群体仍然是一个经验问题。虽然可能存在一组通用的操作变量，但收集有效数据不能假定对不同的子组具有相同的适用性。通过对社会文化差异的方法论影响保持敏感，研究人员可以更准确地阐明复杂的生物、心理和社会文化因素影响任何个人或群体饮酒和滥用的过程。
This paper presents a critical discussion of the definitions, conceptual models, and methodological issues that researchers should consider in studies of sociocultural influences on drinking practices and problems. In particular, these concerns are related to studies of American Indian and Alaskan Native people. In an effort to avoid overgeneralized explanatory statements, it is recommended that efforts be made to study more specific aspects of such loosely defined terms as culture, alcoholism, and "Indianness." Research in this area might usefully be guided by parsimonious conceptual models developed and investigated in the dominant culture; however the extent to which relationships observed within one group generalized to another group remains an empirical question. While there may be a common set of operationalizing variables and collecting valid data cannot be assumed to have equal applicability with different subgroups. By remaining sensitive to the methodological implications of sociocultural differences, investigators can more accurately clarify the processes by which complex biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors influence alcohol use and misuse in any individual or group.