To test or not to test: psychosocial barriers to HIV testing in high-income countries
To test or not to test: psychosocial barriers to HIV testing in high-income countries
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1468-1293.2008.00586.x
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发表时间：
2008-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Adam, P. C. G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Wit, J. B. F.;Adam, P. C. G.
为了促进对影响个体接受艾滋病毒检测的心理社会因素的循证理解，我们评估和综合了公共卫生、行为医学和(健康)心理学领域的相关文献。尽管证据基础似乎过于有限，无法就高收入国家艾滋病毒检测的心理障碍做出明确的结论和定义，但我们从现有研究中确定了趋同的主题。当个人意识到自己处于危险之中时，似乎更有可能进行艾滋病毒检测，尽管这种联系并没有得到完美的观察。对检测呈阳性的后果的恐惧--主要是与歧视和排斥有关的担忧--也阻碍了艾滋病毒检测。最后，当个人感觉到检测带来更多好处时，他们似乎更有可能检测艾滋病毒。目标个人的视角，特别是艾滋病毒诊断的社会内涵和后果，对于理解检测决定至关重要。
To contribute to the evidence-based understanding of the psychosocial factors that influence individuals' uptake of testing for HIV, we assessed and synthesized the pertinent published literature in the fields of public health, behavioural medicine, and (health) psychology. Although the evidence base appears too limited to allow firm conclusions and definition on psychological barriers to HIV testing in high-income countries, we identified convergent themes from the available studies. Testing for HIV seems to be more likely when individuals perceive that they have been at risk, though this association is not perfectly observed. Fear of the consequences of testing positive -mainly worries related to discrimination and rejection - also hinders HIV testing. Finally, individuals appear more likely to test for HIV when they perceive more benefits from testing. The perspective of targeted individuals, in particular the social connotations and consequences of HIV diagnoses, is crucial to understand testing decisions.