Molecular photovoltaics that mimic photosynthesis
Molecular photovoltaics that mimic photosynthesis
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DOI：
10.1351/pac200173030459
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发表时间：
2001-03-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Grätzel, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grätzel, M
借鉴绿色植物使用的概念，我们开发了一种基于分子光吸收剂和介孔电极的光伏电池。敏化纳米晶注入太阳能电池采用有机染料或过渡金属配合物对氧化物半导体（如TiO2、ZnO、SnO2和Nb2O5）进行光谱敏化。这些材料的介孔膜与氧化还原电解质、无定形有机空穴导体或导电聚合物以及无机半导体接触。由于薄膜的内部表面积非常大，光收集在整个可见光和近红外范围内有效地发生。明智的分子工程允许光诱导电荷分离在飞秒内定量发生。经认证的新太阳能电池在标准空气质量1.5太阳辐射下的总功率转换效率目前在10到11之间。讲座将重点介绍实用太阳能电池的最新进展。我们将讨论影响光伏性能的因素的进展，以及电池组件的改进，以进一步提高其转换效率。
Learning from the concepts used by green plants, we have developed a photovoltaic cell based on molecular light absorbers and mesoporous electrodes. The sensitized nanocrystalline injection solar cell employs organic dyes or transition-metal complexes for spectral sensitization of oxide semiconductors, such as TiO2, ZnO, SnO2, and Nb2O5. Mesoporous films of these materials are contacted with redox electrolytes, amorphous organic hole conductors, or conducting polymers, as well as inorganic semiconductors. Light harvesting occurs efficiently over the whole visible and near-IR range due to the very large internal surface area of the films. Judicious molecular engineering allows the photoinduced charge separation to occur quantitatively within femtoseconds. The certified overall power conversion efficiency of the new solar cell for standard air mass 1.5 solar radiation stands presently between 10 and 11. The lecture will highlight recent progress in the development of solar cells for practical use. Advancement in the understanding of the factors that govern photovoltaic performance, as well as improvement of cell components to increase further its conversion efficiency will be discussed.