Composition and Drivers of Gut Microbial Communities in Arctic-Breeding Shorebirds
Composition and Drivers of Gut Microbial Communities in Arctic-Breeding Shorebirds
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2019.02258
复制
发表时间：
2019-10-09
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Sandercock, Brett K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grond, Kirsten;Santo Domingo, Jorge W.;Sandercock, Brett K.
肠道微生物群可以对宿主健康产生重要影响，但决定肠道微生物组成的解释性因素和途径在宿主谱系中可能不同。在哺乳动物中，宿主生殖是肠道微生物群的主要驱动力之一，这是出生期间微生物群垂直转移的结果。在鸟类中，驱动因素可能是什么还不太清楚，但生殖和环境因素都可能起作用。我们调查了宿主和环境因素，这些因素是8种候鸟肠道微生物群组成变化的基础。我们的特点是从375个粪便样本中收集的8种滨鸟在9个繁殖地点在北极和亚北极生态区的北美，通过测序细菌16 S核糖体RNA基因的V4区的网络捕获的成年人的细菌群落。肠道菌群以厚壁菌门（55.4%）、变形菌门（13.8%）、梭杆菌门（10.2%）和拟杆菌门（8.1%）为主。繁殖地点是繁殖涉禽肠道菌群变异的主要驱动因素（R-2 = 11.6%），其次是涉禽宿主物种（R-2 = 1.8%）和采样年份（R-2 = 0.9%），但大多数变异仍然无法解释。网站的变化导致核心细菌类群的差异，而罕见的，低丰度的细菌驱动宿主物种的变化。我们的研究是第一个强调当地环境的重要性比自然条件下野生候鸟肠道微生物群组成的驱动因素更重要。
Gut microbiota can have important effects on host health, but explanatory factors and pathways that determine gut microbial composition can differ among host lineages. In mammals, host phylogeny is one of the main drivers of gut microbiota, a result of vertical transfer of microbiota during birth. In birds, it is less clear what the drivers might be, but both phylogeny and environmental factors may play a role. We investigated host and environmental factors that underlie variation in gut microbiota composition in eight species of migratory shorebirds. We characterized bacterial communities from 375 fecal samples collected from adults of eight shorebird species captured at a network of nine breeding sites in the Arctic and sub-Arctic ecoregions of North America, by sequencing the V4 region of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene. Firmicutes (55.4%), Proteobacteria (13.8%), Fusobacteria (10.2%), and Bacteroidetes (8.1%) dominated the gut microbiota of adult shorebirds. Breeding location was the main driver of variation in gut microbiota of breeding shorebirds (R-2 = 11.6%), followed by shorebird host species (R-2 = 1.8%), and sampling year (R-2 = 0.9%), but most variation remained unexplained. Site variation resulted from differences in the core bacterial taxa, whereas rare, lowabundance bacteria drove host species variation. Our study is the first to highlight a greater importance of local environment than phylogeny as a driver of gut microbiota composition in wild, migratory birds under natural conditions.