Annual Summary of Vital Statistics: 2008
Annual Summary of Vital Statistics: 2008
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DOI：
10.1542/peds.2010-3175
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Guyer, Bernard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mathews, T. J.;Minino, Arialdi M.;Guyer, Bernard
美国的出生人数在2007至2008年间有所下降(初步估计：4 251 095人)。15岁至39岁的所有女性的出生率都有所下降；青少年出生率的下降扭转了前两年的上升趋势。2008年，总和生育率下降了2%，降至每千名妇女生育2085.5个孩子。2008年，未婚女性的生育比例从2007年的39.7%上升到40.6%。2008年的早产率为12.3%，比2007年下降了3%。2008年，32.3%的新生儿是通过剖腹产出生的，比2007年增加了近2%。双胞胎和三胞胎出生率保持不变。2008年的婴儿死亡率为每1000名活产婴儿死亡6.59人(大大低于2007年的6.75人)。2008年出生时预期寿命为77.8岁。2007至2008年间，1至19岁儿童的粗死亡率下降了5.5%。意外伤害和凶杀分别是这一年龄段的第一和第二大死因。2008年，这两种死因合计占儿童和青少年死亡总数的51.2%。这篇年度文章是《儿科学》的长期特写，提供了美国最新的重要统计数据的摘要。我们今年还加入了一个专题，介绍不同种族和西班牙裔的剖腹产率的差异。儿科杂志2011；127：146-157
The number of births in the United States decreased between 2007 and 2008 (preliminary estimate: 4 251 095). Birth rates declined among all women aged 15 to 39 years; the decrease among teenagers reverses the increases seen in the previous 2 years. The total fertility rate decreased 2% in 2008 to 2085.5 births per 1000 women. The proportion of all births to unmarried women increased to 40.6% in 2008, up from 39.7% in 2007. The 2008 preterm birth rate was 12.3%, a decline of 3% from 2007. In 2008, 32.3% of all births occurred by cesarean delivery, up nearly 2% from 2007. Twin and triplet birth rates were unchanged. The infant mortality rate was 6.59 infant deaths per 1000 live births in 2008 (significantly lower than the rate of 6.75 in 2007). Life expectancy at birth was 77.8 years in 2008. Crude death rates for children aged 1 to 19 years decreased by 5.5% between 2007 and 2008. Unintentional injuries and homicide were, respectively, the first and second leading causes of death in this age group. These 2 causes of death jointly accounted for 51.2% of all deaths of children and adolescents in 2008. This annual article is a long-standing feature in Pediatrics and provides a summary of the most current vital statistics data for the United States. We also include a special feature this year on the differences in cesarean-delivery rates according to race and Hispanic origin. Pediatrics 2011; 127: 146-157