Saproxylic beetles in tropical and temperate forests – A standardized comparison of vertical stratification patterns
Saproxylic beetles in tropical and temperate forests – A standardized comparison of vertical stratification patterns
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热带和温带森林中的腐木甲虫——垂直分层模式的标准化比较
DOI：
10.1016/j.foreco.2019.04.021
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
L. Čížek
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Weiss;R. Didham;J. Procházka;J. Schlaghamerský;Y. Basset;F. Ødegaard;Alexey Tichechkin;J. Schmidl;A. Floren;G. Curletti;H. Aberlenc;Johannes Bail;Héctor Barrios;M. Leponce;E. Medianero;L. Fagan;B. Corbara;L. Čížek
森林是复杂的三维生态系统，但森林结构的垂直分层对生物多样性和物种周转的影响尚不清楚。腐木甲虫对森林生物多样性和养分循环等生态系统功能有重要贡献。旨在支持腐殖酸生物多样性的管理措施正在成为可持续森林管理做法的一个组成部分。然而，监测是在假设地面上的腐木酸活动将是整个森林中腐木酸生物多样性的现实反映的前提下进行的。为了研究这一假设的有效性，我们比较了三种不同海拔和纬度的森林类型之间腐木甲虫组合的垂直分层和组成，包括巴拿马的热带低地森林，温带低地森林和温带山地森林，两者都位于捷克共和国东部。采用垂直横断面设置的飞行拦截陷阱，按照标准化的采样协议对甲虫进行采样。总的来说，估计热带森林的腐木甲虫种类分别是温带低地和山地森林的两到三倍。然而，在垂直地层中，不同生物群系间的点丰富度估算值非常相似。三种林下物种丰富度相似。它在热带森林的冠层最高，而在温带森林的下层最高。因此，虽然在所有三种森林类型中，甲虫组合都有明显的垂直分层，但热带和温带森林的分层模式差异明显。这一趋势主要是由热带森林冠层中腐木甲虫的高丰富度所驱动的。然而，这些丰富度的差异掩盖了三种森林类型在食饵组成分层上的强烈相似性。这表明类似的营养结构力量可能在世界上不同的森林生物群系中起作用。取食行会组成的相似性表明，旨在保护腐木甲虫生物多样性的管理措施可能在不同森林类型中都是有效的。然而，垂直分层的差异表明，仅靠林下监测不足以了解管理对腐殖酸生物多样性的影响。特别是在热带地区，需要更加重视管理作为腐木甲虫栖息地的森林冠层的多样化、三维结构。
Forests are complex three-dimensional ecosystems, but little is known about the influence of vertical stratification of forest structure on biodiversity and species turnover. Saproxylic beetles make a substantial contribution to forest biodiversity and ecosystem functions such as nutrient cycling. Management measures aimed at supporting saproxylic biodiversity are becoming an integral part of sustainable forest management practices. Yet, monitoring is carried out under the assumption that saproxylic activity at ground level will be a realistic reflection of saproxylic biodiversity in the forest as a whole.To investigate the validity of this assumption we compare vertical stratification and composition of saproxylic beetle assemblages between three forest types of varying altitude and latitude, including a tropical lowland forest in Panama, a temperate lowland forest and a temperate montane forest, both in the eastern Czech Republic. Beetles were sampled following a standardized sampling protocol using flight intercept traps arranged in vertical transects.Overall, the tropical forest was estimated to harbour two to three times more saproxylic beetle species than the temperate lowland and the montane forest, respectively. However, point richness estimates within vertical strata were remarkably similar between biomes. Species richness was similar in the understorey of all three forests. It peaked in the canopy of the tropical forest but in the understorey of temperate forests. So, while the beetle assemblages were clearly vertically stratified in all three forest types, stratification patterns varied markedly between tropical and temperate forests. This trend is driven primarily by the high richness of saproxylic beetles in the tropical forest canopy. However these richness differences belie the strong similarities in stratification of feeding guild composition observed all three forest types. This would tend to suggest that similar trophic structuring forces might operate across very different forest biomes of the world.Similarities in feeding guild composition suggest that management measures aiming at conserving biodiversity of saproxylic beetles are likely to be effective across different forest types. The differences in vertical stratification, however, suggest that understorey monitoring alone will be insufficient to understand management effects on saproxylic biodiversity. In the tropics, in particular, more emphasis will need to be placed on managing the diverse, three-dimensional structure of forest canopies as habitat for saproxylic beetles.