Inactivation of a centromere during the formation of a translocation in maize
Inactivation of a centromere during the formation of a translocation in maize
复制标题
玉米易位形成过程中着丝粒失活
DOI：
10.1007/s10577-011-9240-5
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发表时间：
2011-08-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Birchler, James A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gao, Zhi;Fu, Shulan;Birchler, James A.
荧光原位杂交分析玉米染色体1和5之间的相互易位，已被广泛用于玉米遗传学揭示了一个不活跃的着丝粒的存在下，或附近的两个染色体的断点。该着丝粒包含卫星重复序列CentC和着丝粒逆转录转座子家族CRM，它们是玉米着丝粒区域的典型特征。该位点不表现出活性着丝粒的任何测试的生化特征，例如与CENP-C的结合和组蛋白H3上丝氨酸-10的磷酸化。这种染色体排列最有可能的情况是，在形成易位的修复过程中包含了一个着丝粒，但它变得不活跃，并在这种状态下遗传了几十年。玉米中一个失活的A染色体着丝粒的记录扩展了植物中着丝粒功能的表观遗传成分的证据。这个案例提供了一个实验性的例子，说明核型进化可能通过着丝粒失活的变化进行。
Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of a reciprocal translocation in maize between chromosomes 1 and 5 that has been used extensively in maize genetics revealed the presence of an inactive centromere at or near the breakpoints of the two chromosomes. This centromere contains both the satellite repeat, CentC, and the centromeric retrotransposon family, CRM, that are typical of centromere regions in maize. This site does not exhibit any of the tested biochemical features of active centromeres such as association with CENP-C and phosphorylation of serine-10 on histone H3. The most likely scenario for this chromosome arrangement is that a centromere was included in the repair process that formed the translocation but became inactive and has been inherited in this state for several decades. The documentation of an inactive A chromosome centromere in maize extends the evidence for an epigenetic component to centromere function in plants. This case provides an experimental example of how karyotype evolution might proceed via changes in centromere inactivation.