Ecological Unequal Exchange: International Trade and Uneven Utilization of Environmental Space in the World System
Ecological Unequal Exchange: International Trade and Uneven Utilization of Environmental Space in the World System
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生态不平等交换：国际贸易与世界体系环境空间利用不均
DOI：
10.1353/sof.2007.0054
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
James J. Rice
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
James J. Rice
我们评估国际贸易影响全球可再生自然资源不成比例的跨国利用的论点。这种不平衡的动态关系到对环境空间的不公平占有以及更普遍的生态不平等交换过程的考虑。使用OLS回归与斜率虚拟交互项，我们分析了贸易对环境消费的影响，以2002年的人均生态足迹需求为衡量标准，由国家收入水平划分。根据137个国家的数据，分析显示，对核心工业化国家出口比例较大的低收入和中低收入国家的环境消费较低。其结果与新古典经济学思想相矛盾。我们发现，贸易通过限制低收入和中低收入国家的消费，塑造了全球环境空间利用的不平衡。
We evaluate the argument that international trade influences disproportionate cross-national utilization of global renewable natural resources. Such uneven dynamics are relevant to the consideration of inequitable appropriation of environmental space in particular and processes of ecological unequal exchange more generally. Using OLS regression with slope dummy interaction terms, we analyze the effects of trade upon environmental consumption, as measured by per capita ecological footprint demand for 2002, delineated by country income level. Based on data for 137 countries, analyses reveal low- and lower middle-income countries characterized by a greater proportion of exports to the core industrialized countries exhibit lower environmental consumption. The results contradict neoclassical economic thought. We find trade shapes uneven utilization of global environmental space by constraining consumption in low and lower middle-income countries.