Review: Progress with Functional Materials Based on Loess Particles
Review: Progress with Functional Materials Based on Loess Particles
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s42860-021-00123-y
复制
发表时间：
2021-06
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Yau-Jain Shen;Haiyan Yan;Rongmin Wang;Pengfei Song;Yufeng He
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yau-Jain Shen;Haiyan Yan;Rongmin Wang;Pengfei Song;Yufeng He
黄土是一种易于开采、分布广泛的陆表大型矿床。黄土的粘土部分，也称为“黄土粘土”，是黄土的一个非常重要的组成部分，影响其性质和性能。从“材料”的角度来看，黄土中的粘土部分被忽略了。最近，黄土颗粒因其潜在的应用而引起了人们的兴趣。本综述的重点是黄土颗粒的改性方法及其作为功能材料的应用。黄土颗粒的主要成分是粘土、方解石和石英，其中粘土包括高岭石、伊利石、蒙脱石和绿泥石。黄土具有多种粒度、类型和分散性。颗粒容易团聚，主要是因为粘土部分容易发生胶结。可通过压实、分离、提纯、酸化、煅烧、表面活性剂改性、地质聚合、聚合物改性等方法对黄土颗粒进行改性，改善其性能。黄土基功能材料已被用作吸附剂、环保高吸水剂、水土保持材料、调湿材料和建筑材料。分离纯化的黄土颗粒可以直接吸附金属离子和有害元素。表面活性剂改性黄土颗粒可以有效去除有机物。经过聚合物改性后，黄土颗粒表现出更强的去除有害金属离子和染料等环境污染物的能力。作为一种超吸水剂，改性黄土表现出优异的热稳定性和膨胀行为。煅烧黄土可作为调湿性能良好的节能建筑材料，地质聚合进一步扩大了黄土在建筑中的应用范围。综上所述，黄土基功能材料价格低廉、生态友好，值得更多关注和进一步发展。
Loess is a large-scale deposit which is easy to mine and widely distributed on the epipedon. The clay fraction of loess, also known as ‘loessial clay’, is a very important component of loess which affects its properties and performance. From a ‘materials’ perspective, the clay fraction of loess has been ignored. Recently, loess particles have attracted interest because of their potential applications. The focus in the current review is on the methods of modifying loess particles and their application as functional materials. The major components of loess particles are clays, calcite, and quartz, with the clays including kaolinite, illite, montmorillonite, and chlorite. Loess has a range of particle sizes, types, and dispersibilities. The particles agglomerate readily, mainly because cementation occurs readily in the clay fraction. Loess particles can be modified and their properties can be improved by compaction, separation, purification, acidification, calcination, surfactant modification, geopolymerization, and polymer modification. Loess-based functional materials have been used as sorbents, eco-friendly superabsorbents, soil and water conservation materials, humidity-regulating materials, and building materials. Separated and purified loess particles can adsorb metal ions and harmful elements directly. Surfactant-modified loess particles can remove organic compounds effectively. After modification with polymers, loess particles exhibit greater capacity for the removal of environmental pollutants such as harmful metal ions and dyes. As a superabsorbent, modified loess shows excellent thermal stability and swelling behavior. Calcined loess could be utilized as an energy-saving building material with good humidity-regulating performance, and geological polymerization has further expanded the scope of applications of loess in architecture. In summary, loess-based functional materials, which are inexpensive and ecologically friendly, deserve more attention and further development.