Vaccines and autoimmunity
Vaccines and autoimmunity
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DOI：
10.1038/nrrheum.2009.196
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发表时间：
2009-11-01
影响因子：
33.7
通讯作者：
Shoenfeld, Yehuda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Agmon-Levin, Nancy;Paz, Ziv;Shoenfeld, Yehuda
疫苗已经使用了200多年，是预防与感染相关的发病率和死亡率的最有效方式。与其他药物一样，疫苗也会导致不良反应，但与给病人开处方的传统药物不同，疫苗是给健康的人接种的，因此增加了对不良反应的担忧。疫苗的大多数副作用是轻微的、急性的和短暂的；然而，确实会发生罕见的反应，如过敏、感染诱导和自身免疫，可能是严重的，甚至是致命的。疫苗接种后自身免疫现象的罕见和亚急性表现意味着很难确定这些事件之间的因果关系。此外，接种疫苗和自身免疫之间的潜伏期从几天到几年不等。在本文中，我们根据已发表的证据和我们自己的经验，讨论了疫苗和自身免疫现象之间因果和时间相互作用的各个方面，以及疫苗不同成分诱导自身免疫的可能机制。
Vaccines have been used for over 200 years and are the most effective way of preventing the morbidity and mortality associated with infections. Like other drugs, vaccines can cause adverse events, but unlike conventional medicines, which are prescribed to people who are ill, vaccines are administered to healthy individuals, thus increasing the concern over adverse reactions. Most side effects attributed to vaccines are mild, acute and transient; however, rare reactions such as hypersensitivity, induction of infection, and autoimmunity do occur and can be severe and even fatal. The rarity and subacute presentation of post-vaccination autoimmune phenomena means that ascertaining causality between these events can be difficult. Moreover, the latency period between vaccination and autoimmunity ranges from days to years. In this article, on the basis of published evidence and our own experience, we discuss the various aspects of the causal and temporal interactions between vaccines and autoimmune phenomena, as well as the possible mechanisms by which different components of vaccines might induce autoimmunity.