The origin of DCs and capacity for immunologic tolerance in central and peripheral tissues.
The origin of DCs and capacity for immunologic tolerance in central and peripheral tissues.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00281-016-0602-0
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发表时间：
2017-02
影响因子：
9
通讯作者：
Anandasabapathy N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Devi KS;Anandasabapathy N
树突状细胞（Dendritic cells，DCs）是一种特殊的免疫哨兵细胞，通过有效调节保护性免疫和自我耐受之间的微妙平衡，在维持机体免疫稳态中发挥重要作用。虽然DC对周围环境中存在的成熟信号作出反应，但多层抑制也共存，这减少了对自身抗原的耐受性的侵犯。DC的这些耐受性诱导性质由它们的来源和一系列其他因素控制，包括分布、细胞因子、生长因子和转录编程，这些因素共同赋予这些细胞抑制功能。DC介导耐受性分泌抗炎性细胞因子并诱导幼稚T细胞或B细胞分化为调节性T细胞（Treg）或B细胞。在这篇综述中，我们提供了一个详细的展望的分子机制，诱导功能专业化，以管理中央或外周耐受。树突状细胞诱导免疫耐受的特性可用于克服移植物自身免疫和排斥反应。
Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized immune sentinels that play key role in maintaining immune homeostasis by efficiently regulating the delicate balance between protective immunity and tolerance to self. Although DCs respond to maturation signals present in the surrounding milieu multiple layers of suppression also co-exist that reduce the infringement of tolerance against self-antigens. These tolerance inducing properties of DCs are governed by their origin and a range of other factors including distribution, cytokines, growth factors, and transcriptional programing, that collectively impart suppressive functions to these cells. DCs directing tolerance secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines and induce naïve T cells or B cells to differentiate into regulatory T cells (Tregs) or B cells. In this review, we provide a detailed outlook on the molecular mechanisms that induce functional specialization to govern central or peripheral tolerance. The tolerance-inducing nature of DCs can be exploited to overcome autoimmunity and rejection in graft transplantation.