BEHAVIORAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL-CHANGES IN CILIATES INDUCED BY THE PREDATOR AMEBA-PROTEUS
BEHAVIORAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL-CHANGES IN CILIATES INDUCED BY THE PREDATOR AMEBA-PROTEUS
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00317505
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发表时间：
1993-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
KUSCH, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
KUSCH, J
捕食者变形阿米巴引起游仆虫属纤毛虫的行为和形态变化。E.在与捕食者共存14小时后，隆突鱼从16 +/- 15%增加到84 +/- 5%（SD）。48 h内，纤毛虫的宽度由59 ± 3 μ m增加到77 ± 4 μ m（SDM）。在E. daidaleos，而E. aediculatus E. carinatus和E. daidaleos种群在A. Proteus，而E. aediculatus种群因捕食而灭绝。诱导的行为反应可能是E. carinatus和E. daidaleos。结果表明，游仆虫纤毛虫已经进化出了针对不同捕食者的防御机制。防御性变化是由A释放的一种化学物质引起的。变形杆菌。这种“利它素”的分子量在5000和10000 Da之间。对其活性进行蛋白水解消化表明，这种回避诱导物质是一种肽。在涡虫狭口线虫（Stenostomum）诱导E. carinatus或E. aediculatus，这两种纤毛虫都没有立即避开变形阿米巴。因此，游仆虫纤毛虫的防御形态没有行为防御反应的所有捕食者。
The predator Amoeba proteus induced behavioural and morphological changes in ciliates of the genus Euplotes. The frequency of avoidance behaviour in E. octocarinatus increased from 16 +/- 15% to 84 +/- 5% (SD) after 14 h of coexistence with the predator. The ciliate's width increased from 59 +/- 3 mu m to 77 +/- 4 mu m (SDM) within 48 h. Similar behavioural, but not morphological, change was induced in E. daidaleos, but neither morphological nor behavioural responses occurred in E. aediculatus. E. octocarinatus and E. daidaleos populations survived in the presence of A. proteus, whereas E. aediculatus populations became extinct by predation. Induced behavioural response seemed to be the reason for the low predation risk of E. octocarinatus and E. daidaleos. The results suggest that Euplotes ciliates have evolved specific defence mechanisms to various predators. Defensive changes are induced by a chemical substance released from A. proteus. This ''kairomone'' has a molecular weight between 5000 and 10000 Da. Proteolytic digestion of its activity indicated that the avoidance-inducing substance is a peptide. After the turbellarian Stenostomum sphagnetorum had induced a defensive morphology in E. octocarinatus or E. aediculatus, neither of these ciliates immediately avoided Amoeba proteus. Thus, Euplotes ciliates with a defensive morphology do not have behavioural defences in reaction to all predators.