Holdings of type specimens of plants in herbaria of China
Holdings of type specimens of plants in herbaria of China
复制标题
中国植物标本馆植物模式标本保藏量
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yong Yang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yong Yang
物种多样性是生物多样性研究的中心议题之一。模式标本是分类学名称的永久性凭证，是维护命名系统稳定性的不可替代的手段。标本馆藏量和模式标本数量反映一个国家或地区的历史积累。本文综述了世界植物标本馆和中国植物标本馆的常见标本和模式标本的保存情况。总体而言，中国植物标本馆的模式标本数量低于世界平均水平，这是因为在20世纪初中国植物学家开始采集标本和研究植物之前，西方植物学家已经对中国植物进行了400多年的研究。在国内标本馆模式标本数字化的基础上，我国标本馆模式标本的数字化已成为当务之急，国外标本馆模式标本的数字化也是当务之急。此外，中国植物标本馆每种植物的收藏数量远低于世界平均水平。对中国植物学研究者来说，在国内外研究较少的地区开展调查，提高每种植物标本的总体数量和代表性是非常重要的。
Species diversity is one of the central topics of biodiversity. Type specimens are the permanent vouchers of taxonomic names, and are irreplaceable as a means to safeguard the stability of the nomenclatu- ral system. Holdings of common specimens and type specimens are indices reflecting historical accumulation of botanical studies for a certain country or region. This paper reviews holdings of common specimens and type specimens in herbaria worldwide and those native to China. Overall, we conclude that type collections in herbaria of China are relatively less than the world on average, because plants from China were studied by western botanists for over 400 years before Chinese botanists started to collect specimens and study plants in the early twentieth century. Based on digitization of type specimens housed in native herbaria, it is now ur- gent to digitize not only type specimens of Chinese herbaria, but also those held in herbaria abroad. In addi- tion, the number of collections per species in Chinese herbaria is much less than the world average. For Chi- nese botanical researchers, it is important to conduct investigations in poorly studied areas in China and overseas, and to enhance the overall number and representation of specimens for each species.